270 lines
5.3 KiB
Text
270 lines
5.3 KiB
Text
.TH CDFS 4
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.SH NAME
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cdfs, cddb \- optical disc (CD, DVD, BD) track reader and writer file system
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.B cdfs
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[
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.B -d
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.I sddev
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] [
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.B -m
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.I mtpt
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]
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.br
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.B "grep aux/cddb /mnt/cd/ctl | rc
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.br
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.B aux/cddb
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[
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.B -DTt
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] [
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.B -s
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.I server
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] [
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.B -e
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.I dir
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]
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.B query
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.I diskid
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.I ntracks
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.I track0id
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.I ...
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.I Cdfs
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serves a one and a half level directory
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mounted at
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.I mtpt
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(default
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.BR /mnt/cd )
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that provides access to the tracks
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on discs placed in the disc reader or writer
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named by
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.I sddev
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(default
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.BR /dev/sdD0 ,
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see
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.IR sd (3)).
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Any MMC-compliant compact disc (CD), DVD,
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or Blu-ray disc (BD) drive should work.
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On DVDs and BDs, access to data tracks only is implemented.
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.PP
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The top level directory contains one file
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per disc track.
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The files are named
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.IR cNNN ,
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where
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.I c
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is a type character
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.RB ( a
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for audio tracks
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and
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.B d
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for data tracks)
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and
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.I NNN
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is the track number.
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.PP
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If the device can write discs
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and contains a writable disc, the top-level
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directory also contains an empty directory
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.B wd
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and, for CDs only,
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an empty directory
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.BR wa .
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Files created in these directories
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appear in the top-level directory
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as new data or audio tracks, respectively, regardless of name.
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.PP
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At any time, any number of tracks
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may be open for reading or a single track
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may be open for writing.
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Writing a disc track is a quasi-real-time operation:
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the disc writer should be kept saturated with
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new data to avoid buffer underruns,
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but modern drives will be told to cope with underruns transparently.
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To ensure saturation, copying from a file system
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stored on local disk or memory is recommended.
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.PP
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To fixate a disc (close a recordable disc by writing
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its permanent table of contents), simply
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remove the
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.B wa
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or
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.B wd
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directory.
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The directory removed selects whether
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the disc is fixated as an audio or data disc;
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since each track carries its own type information,
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very few readers care which fixation type was used.
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Rewritable discs do not require fixation.
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.PP
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The top level directory
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also contains a
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.B ctl
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file, into which control messages
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may be echoed.
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The current control messages are:
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.TF \fLquickblank
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.TP
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.B format
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Format the rewritable disc (\c
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.B -RW
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or
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.BR -RE )
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in the drive
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before initial use.
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.TP
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.B blank
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Blank the entire rewritable disc in the drive.
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.TP
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.B quickblank
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Blank only the table of contents on the rewritable
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disc in the drive.
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.\" .TP
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.\" .B closetracks
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.\" Close any open tracks on the current disc but do not finalize (fixate) the disc.
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.TP
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.B eject
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Eject the disc in the drive.
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.TP
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.B ingest
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Ingest a disc into the drive.
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.TP
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.B speed \fIkbps\fR
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Set the reading and writing speed to use,
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in units of 1,000-bytes-per-second.
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A value of
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.L best
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requests the optimal speed for the current drive and disc.
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CD
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.L 1x
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speed is 154;
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DVD
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.L 1x
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speed is 1350;
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BD
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.L 1x
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speed is 4608.
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Drives may round down the speed to one they support.
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To set reading and writing speeds separately,
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prefix the speeds with
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.B read
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or
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.BR write ,
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as in
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.B speed
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.B write
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.B 8192
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or
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.B speed
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.B read
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.B 16384
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.B write
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.BR 8192.
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Note that most drives reset the reading and writing speed
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each time a new disc is inserted.
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.PD
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.PP
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Reading the
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.B ctl
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file yields information about the drive.
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If the drive contains an audio CD, the first line
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will be an
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.B aux/cddb
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command that can be run to query
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an internet CD database
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to get a table of contents.
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Subsequent lines contain the current and maximum
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reading and writing speeds.
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Additional lines may further describe the current disc.
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.PP
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.I Aux/cddb
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takes 5 optional arguments.
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The
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.B -s
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option makes
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.I aux/cddb
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use
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.I server
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for the query instead of
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.LR gnudb.org .
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The
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.B -D
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option causes the raw database response from the server to be dumped
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to standard output.
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The
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.B -t
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option causes the time of each track to be appended to the normal output.
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.B -T
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is like
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.B -t
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but prints a final line with the total time.
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The
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.B -e
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option will print rc commands using
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.IR audio/flacenc (1)
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to encode and tag audio tracks from the disc to output directory
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.I dir .
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.SH EXAMPLES
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Backup to a BD-R disc:
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.br
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.ne 3
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.IP
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.EX
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9fs boot
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cdfs
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tar cf /mnt/cd/wd/x /n/boot
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.EE
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.br
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.ne 3
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.PP
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Copy the audio tracks from a CD:
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.IP
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.EX
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cdfs -d /dev/sd05
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mkdir /tmp/songs
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cp /mnt/cd/a* /tmp/songs
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.EE
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.PP
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Copy the tracks onto a blank CD inserted in the drive,
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and then fixate the disk as an audio CD.
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.IP
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.EX
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cp /tmp/songs/* /mnt/cd/wa
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rm /mnt/cd/wa
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.EE
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.SH SOURCE
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.B /sys/src/cmd/cdfs
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.SH SEE ALSO
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.IR sd (3),
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.I 9660srv
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(in
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.IR dossrv (4)),
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.IR mk9660 (8)
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.PD 0
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.TF "\fLhttp://www.t10.org\fP"
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.TP
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.B http://www.t10.org
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optical disc interface standards
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.PD
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.SH BUGS
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Fixating a BD-R disc records only the first track in the disc's TOC.
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Any other tracks are still there and their data accessible via
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.IR sd (3).
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There's no need to fixate data discs, except to prevent adding new tracks.
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.PP
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Closing a just-written DVD-R track can take minutes
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while the drive burns the unused part of the track reservation
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(for the whole disc).
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Thus only a single DVD-R track can be written on a DVD-R disc;
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use other media if you need more than one track per disc.
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.PP
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There are too many combinations of optical media, each with unique quirks,
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approximately
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the cross-product of these tuples:
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(CD DVD- DVD+ BD),
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(single-layer dual-layer),
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(-ROM -R -RW).
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.PP
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Only MMC-compliant disc readers and writers
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are supported, but it would be easy to add
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support for early CD writers if desired.
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