140 lines
2.7 KiB
Text
140 lines
2.7 KiB
Text
.TH GREP 1
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.SH NAME
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grep, g \- search a file for a pattern
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.B grep
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[
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.B -bchiLlnsv
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]
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[
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.B -e
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]
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.I pattern
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.B -f
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.I patternfile
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[
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.I file ...
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]
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.br
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.B g
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[
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.B flags
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]
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.I pattern
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[
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.I file ...
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]
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.I Grep\^
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searches the input
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.I files\^
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(standard input default)
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for lines that match the
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.IR pattern ,
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a regular expression as defined in
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.IR regexp (6)
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with the addition of a newline character as an alternative
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(substitute for
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.BR | )
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with lowest precedence.
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Normally, each line matching the pattern is `selected',
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and each selected line is copied to the standard output.
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.PP
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The options are:
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.TP
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.B -c
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Print only a count of matching lines.
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.TP
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.B -h
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Do not print file name tags (headers) with output lines.
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.TP
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.B -e
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The following argument is taken as a
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.IR pattern .
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This option makes it easy to specify patterns that
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might confuse argument parsing, such as
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.BR -n .
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.TP
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.B -i
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Ignore alphabetic case distinctions. The implementation
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folds into lower case all letters in the pattern and input before
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interpretation. Matched lines are printed in their original form.
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.TP
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.B -l
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(ell) Print the names of files with selected lines; don't print the lines.
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.TP
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.B -L
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Print the names of files with no selected lines;
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the converse of
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.BR -l .
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.TP
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.B -n
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Mark each printed line with its line number counted in its file.
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.TP
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.B -s
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Produce no output, but return status.
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.TP
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.B -v
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Reverse: print lines that do not match the pattern.
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.TP
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.B -f
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The pattern argument is the name of a file containing regular
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expressions one per line.
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.TP
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.B -b
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Don't buffer the output: write each output line as soon as it is discovered.
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.PD
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.PP
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Output lines are tagged by file name when there is more than one
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input file.
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(To force this tagging, include
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.B /dev/null
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as a file name argument.)
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.PP
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Care should be taken when
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using the shell metacharacters
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.B $*[^|()=\e
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and newline
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in
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.IR pattern ;
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it is safest to enclose the
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entire expression
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in single quotes
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.BR \&\|' \|.\|.\|.\| ' .
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An expression starting with '*'
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will treat the rest of the expression
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as literal characters.
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.PP
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.I G\^
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invokes
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.I grep
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with
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.B -n
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(plus additional flags, if provided)
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and forces tagging of output lines by file name. If no files
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are listed, it recursively searches the current directory for
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all files matching
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.B *.b *.c *.C *.h *.l *.m
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.B *.s *.y
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.B *.asm *.awk *.cc *.cgi *.cpp *.cs
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.B *.go *.goc *.hs *.java *.lua *.lx
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.B *.mk *.ml *.mli *.ms *.myr *.pl
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.B *.py *.rc *.sh *.tex *.xy
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.PP
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The recursive search can be suppressed by passing g the
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.B -n
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flag.
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.SH SOURCE
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.B /sys/src/cmd/grep
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.br
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.B /rc/bin/g
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.SH SEE ALSO
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.IR ed (1),
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.IR awk (1),
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.IR sed (1),
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.IR sam (1),
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.IR regexp (6)
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.SH DIAGNOSTICS
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Exit status is null if any lines are selected,
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or non-null when no lines are selected or an error occurs.
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