412 lines
7.3 KiB
Text
412 lines
7.3 KiB
Text
.TH NAMESPACE 4
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.SH NAME
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namespace \- structure of conventional file name space
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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none
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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After a user's profile has run, the file name space should adhere
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to a number of conventions if the system is to behave normally.
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This manual page documents those conventions by traversing the
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file hierarchy and describing the points of interest.
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It also serves as a guide to where things reside in the file system proper.
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The traversal is far from exhaustive.
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.PP
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First, here is the appearance of the file server as it appears before
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any mounts or bindings.
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.TF /sys/src/cmd
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.TP
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.B /
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The root directory.
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.TP
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.B /adm
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The administration directory for the file server.
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.TP
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.B /adm/users
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List of users known to the file server; see
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.IR users (6).
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.TP
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.B /adm/keys
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Authentication keys for users.
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.TP
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.B /adm/netkeys
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SecureNet keys for users; see
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.IR securenet (8).
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.TP
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.B /adm/timezone
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Directory of timezone files; see
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.IR ctime (2).
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.TP
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.B /adm/timezone/EST.EDT
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Time zone description for Eastern Time. Other such files are in this directory too.
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.TP
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.B /adm/timezone/timezone
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Time zone description for the local time zone; a copy of one of the other files in this directory.
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.TP
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.B /bin
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.TP
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.B /dev
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.TP
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.B /env
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.TP
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.B /fd
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.TP
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.B /net
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.TP
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.B /proc
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.TP
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.B /srv
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.TP
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.B /shr
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.TP
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.B /tmp
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All empty unwritable directories, place holders for mounted services and directories.
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.TP
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.B /mnt
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A directory containing mount points for applications.
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.TP
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.B /n
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A directory containing mount points for file trees imported from
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remote systems.
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.TP
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.B /386
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.TP
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.B /68000
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.TP
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.B /68020
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.TP
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.B /alpha
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.TP
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.B /arm
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.TP
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.B /mips
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.TP
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.B /power
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.TP
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.B /sparc
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Each CPU architecture supported by Plan 9 has a directory in the root containing
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architecture-specific files, to be selected according to
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.B $objtype
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or
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.B $cputype
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(see
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.IR 2c (1)
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and
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.IR init (8)).
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Here we list only those for
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.BR /386 .
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.TP
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.B /386/init
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The initialization program used during bootstrapping; see
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.IR init (8).
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.TP
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.B /386/bin
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Directory containing binaries for the Intel x86 architecture.
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.TP
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.B "/386/bin/aux
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.TP
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.B /386/bin/ip
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.TP
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etc.
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Subdirectories of
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.B /386/bin
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containing auxiliary tools and collecting related programs.
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.TP
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.B /386/lib
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Directory of object code libraries as used by
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.B 8l
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(see
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.IR 2l (1)).
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.TP
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.B /386/include
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Directory of x86-specific C include files.
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.TP
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.B /386/9*
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The files in
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.B /386
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beginning with a
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.B 9
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are binaries of the operating system or its bootstrap loader.
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.TP
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.B /386/mkfile
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Selected by
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.IR mk (1)
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when
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.B $objtype
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is
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.BR 386 ,
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this file configures
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.B mk
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to compile for the Intel x86 architecture.
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.TP
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.B /rc
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Isomorphic to the architecture-dependent directories, this holds executables
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and libraries for the shell,
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.IR rc (1).
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.TP
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.B /rc/bin
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Directory of shell executable files.
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.TP
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.B /rc/lib
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Directory of shell libraries.
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.TP
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.B /rc/lib/rcmain
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Startup code for
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.IR rc (1).
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.TP
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.B /rc/lib/rcmain.local
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Site local startup code for
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.IR rc (1).
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.TP
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.B /lib
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Collections of data, generally not parts of programs.
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.TP
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.B /lib/mammals
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.TP
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.B /lib/sky
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.TP
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etc.
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Databases.
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.TP
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.B /lib/ndb
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The network database used by the networking software; see
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.IR ndb (6)
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and
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.IR ndb (8).
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.TP
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.B /lib/namespace
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The file used by
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.B newns
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(see
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.IR auth (2))
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to establish the default name space; see
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.IR namespace (6).
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.TP
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.B /lib/font/bit
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Bitmap font files.
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.TP
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.B /lib/font/ttf
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TrueType font files.
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.TP
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.B /lib/rfc
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Directory of Internet `Requests For Comments',
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ranging from trivia to specifications.
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.TP
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.B /lib/rfc/grabrfc
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Maintains RFC collection; usually run from
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.IR cron
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(see
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.IR auth (8)).
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.TP
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.B /sys
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System software.
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.TP
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.B /sys/include
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Directory of machine-independent C include files.
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.TP
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.B /sys/lib
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Pieces of programs not easily held in the various
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.BR bins .
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.TP
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.B /sys/lib/acid
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Directory of
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.IR acid (1)
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load modules.
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.TP
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.B /sys/lib/dist
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Software used to assemble the distribution's installation floppy.
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.TP
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.B /sys/lib/troff
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Directory of
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.IR troff (1)
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font tables and macros.
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.TP
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.B /sys/lib/yaccpar
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The
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.IR yacc (1)
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parser.
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.TP
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.B /sys/man
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The manual.
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.TP
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.B /sys/doc
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Other system documentation.
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.TP
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.B /sys/log
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Log files created by various system services.
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.TP
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.B /sys/src
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Top-level directory of system sources.
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.TP
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.B /sys/src/cmd
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Source to the commands in the
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.B bin
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directories.
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.TP
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.B /sys/src/9
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Source to the operating system for terminals and CPU servers.
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.TP
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.B /sys/src/fs
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Source to the operating system for file servers.
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.TP
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.B /sys/src/lib*
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Source to the libraries.
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.TP
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.B /usr
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A directory containing home directories of users.
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.TP
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.B /mail
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Directory of electronic mail; see
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.IR mail (1).
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.TP
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.B /mail/box
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Directory of users' mail box files.
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.TP
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.B /mail/lib
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Directory of alias files, etc.
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.TP
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.B /acme
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Directory of tools for
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.IR acme (1).
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.TP
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.B /cron
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Directory of files for
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.IR cron (8).
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.TP
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.BI /cfg/ system
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.IR System -specific
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files, often addenda to their namesakes,
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notably
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.BR cpurc ,
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.BR termrc ,
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.BR namespace ,
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and
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.BR consoledb .
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.PD
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.PP
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The following files and directories are modified in the standard
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name space, as defined by
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.B /lib/namespace
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(see
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.IR namespace (6)).
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.TF /sys/src/cmd
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.TP
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.B /
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The root of the name space. It is a kernel device,
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.IR root (3),
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serving a number of local mount points such as
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.B /bin
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and
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.B /dev
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as well as the bootstrap program
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.BR /boot .
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Unioned with
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.B /
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is the root of the main file server.
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.TP
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.B /boot
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Compiled into the operating system kernel, this file establishes
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the connection to the main file server and starts
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.BR init ;
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see
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.IR boot (8)
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and
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.IR init (8).
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.TP
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.B /bin
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Mounted here is a union directory composed of
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.BR /$objtype/bin ,
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.BR /rc/bin ,
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.BR $home/bin/$objtype ,
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.BR $home/bin/rc ,
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etc., so
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.B /bin
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is always the directory containing the appropriate executables
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for the current architecture.
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.TP
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.B /dev
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Mounted here is a union directory containing I/O devices such as the
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console
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.RI ( cons (3)),
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the interface to the raster display
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.RI ( draw (3)),
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etc.
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The window system,
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.IR rio (1),
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prefixes
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this directory with its own version,
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overriding many device
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files with its own, multiplexed simulations of them.
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.TP
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.B /env
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Mounted here is the environment device,
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.IR env (3),
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which holds environment variables such as
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.BR $cputype .
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.TP
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.B /net
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Mounted here is a union directory formed of all the network devices
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available.
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.TP
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.B /net/cs
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The communications point for the connection server,
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.B ndb/cs
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(see
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.IR ndb (8)).
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.TP
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.B /net/dns
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The communications point for the Domain Name Server,
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.B ndb/dns
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(see
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.IR ndb (8)).
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.TP
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.B /net/tcp
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.TP
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.B /net/udp
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Directories holding the IP protocol devices
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(see
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.IR ip (3)).
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.TP
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.B /proc
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Mounted here is the process device,
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.IR proc (3),
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which provides debugging access to active processes.
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.TP
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.B /fd
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Mounted here is the dup device,
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.IR dup (3),
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which holds pseudonyms for open file descriptors.
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.TP
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.B /shr
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Mounted here is the global mountpoint device,
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.IR shr (3),
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which holds mounted filesystems visible in all namespaces.
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.TP
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.B /srv
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Mounted here is the service registry,
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.IR srv (3),
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which holds connections to file servers.
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.TP
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.B /srv/boot
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The communication channel to the main file server for the machine.
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.TP
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.B /mnt/wsys
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Mount point for the window system.
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.TP
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.B /mnt/term
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Mount point for the terminal's name space as seen by the CPU server
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after a
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.IR rcpu (1)
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command.
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.TP
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.B /n/kremvax
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A place where machine
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.BR kremvax 's
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name space may be mounted.
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.TP
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.B /tmp
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Mounted here is each user's private
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.B tmp,
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.BR $home/tmp .
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.SH SEE ALSO
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.IR intro (1),
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.IR namespace (6)
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