plan9fox/sys/man/8/ipconfig

.TH IPCONFIG 8
.SH NAME
ipconfig, rip, linklocal \- Internet configuration and routing
.SH SYNOPSIS
.in +0.25i
.ti -0.25i
.B ip/ipconfig
.RB [ -6DGNOPdnpruX ]
.RB [ -b
.IR baud ]
.RB [ -c
.IR ctl ]
.RB [ -g
.IR gateway ]
.RB [ -h
.IR host ]
.RB [ -m
.IR mtu ]
.RB [ -o
.IR dhcp-opt ]
.RB [ -f
.IR dbfile ]
.RB [ -x
.IR netmtpt ]
[
.I type
[
.I device
]\|]
.RI [ verb ]
[
.I local
[
.I mask
[
.I remote
[
.I file-server
[
.I auth
]\|]\|]\|]\|]
.PP
.B ip/rip
.RB [ -bdr ]
.RB [ -x
.IR netmtpt ]
.PP
.B ip/linklocal
[
.B -t
.I gwipv4
]
.I mac
\&...
.SH DESCRIPTION
.I Ipconfig
binds a device interface to a mounted IP stack (default
.BR /net )
and configures the interface with a local address and optionally
a mask, a remote address, a file server and an authentication server address.
If no device is specified, the first
.B ether
device on the mounted IP stack is used.
The addresses can be specified in the command line or obtained via DHCP.
If DHCP is requested, it will also obtain the addresses of DNS
servers, NTP servers, gateways, a Plan 9 file server,
and a Plan 9 authentication server.
Information from DHCP and IPv6 router advertisements is written to
.B /net/ndb
in the form of an
.IR ndb (8)
entry unless the
.B P
flag has been specified.
.PP
.I Type
may be
.BR ether ,
.BR gbe ,
.BR ppp ,
.BR pkt ,
or
.BR loopback .
The
.B gbe
type is equivalent to
.B ether
except that it allows jumbo packets (up to ~9KB).
The
.B pkt
interface passes all IP packets to and from a user program.
For
.B ppp
the device can be any byte stream device.
.PP
The verb (default
.IR add )
determines the action performed.  The usual verbs are:
.TF remove
.TP
.B add
if the device is not bound to the IP stack, bind it.
Add the given local address, mask, and remote address to the interface.
An interface may have multiple addresses.
.TP
.B remove
remove the address from the device interface.
.TP
.B unbind
unbind the device interface and all its addresses from the
IP stack.
.PD
.PP
The IPv6-specific verbs, which take different arguments, are:
.TP
.BI "add6 " "prefix pfx-len onlink auto validlt preflt"
sets the named IPv6 parameters; see
.IR ip (3)
for more detail.
.TP
.BI "ra6 " "[ keyword value ] ..."
sets IPv6 router advertisement parameter
.IR keyword 's
.IR value .
See
.IR ip (3)
for more detail.
Setting
.I recvra
non-zero also forks a process to
receive and process router advertisements.
Setting
.I sendra
non-zero also
enables IP routing on the interface,
forks a process to send router advertisements,
and if no
.I recvra
process is running, forks one.
.PD
.PP
The options are:
.TF M
.PD
.TP
.B 6
if adding an address (the default action),
add the IPv6 link-local address.
.TP
.B b
the baud rate to use on a serial line
when configuring
.BR PPP .
.TP
.B c
write the control string
.I ctl
to the ethernet device control file before starting to configure it.
May be repeated to specify multiple control writes.
.TP
.B d
use DHCP to determine any unspecified configuration parameters.
.TP
.B D
turn on debugging.
.TP
.B g
the default gateway.
.TP
.B G
use only generic DHCP and RA options.  Without this option,
.I ipconfig
adds to requests a Vendor Class option with value
.BI plan9_$ cputype
and also requests vendor specific options 128 and 129 which we
interpret as the Plan 9 file server and auth server.
Replies to these options contain a list of IP addresses for possible
file servers and auth servers.
.TP
.B h
the hostname to add to DHCP requests.  Some DHCP
servers, such as the one used by Comcast, will not respond
unless a correct hostname is in the request.
.TP
.B m
the maximum IP packet size to use on this interface.
.TP
.B n
determine parameters but don't configure the interface.
.TP
.B N
look in
.I dbfile
(default
.BR /lib/ndb/local )
for the IP parameters for the specified
.I local
IP address or if
.I local
is omited and the device is an ethernet then all IP parameters
associated with the MAC address. IPv6 addresses are added only
if a IPv6 link-local address exists on the interface or the
.B 6
flag has been given to automatically configure one.
.TP
.B O
addresses specified on the command line override those obtained via DHCP.
A command line address of 0 implies no override.
.TP
.B p
write configuration information to
.BR /net/ndb .
.TP
.B P
do not write configuration information to
.BR /net/ndb .
.TP
.B r
by default,
.I ipconfig
exits after trying DHCP for 15 seconds with no answer.
This option directs
.I ipconfig
instead to fork a background process that keeps trying forever.
.TP
.B u
disable IPv6 duplicate discovery detection,
which removes any existing ARP table entry for one of our IPv6 addresses
before adding new ones.
.TP
.B f
use the ndb database file
.IR dbfile .
.TP
.B x
use the IP stack mounted at
.I netmtpt
instead of at
.BR /net .
.TP
.B X
don't fork a process to keep the DHCP lease alive.
.TP
.B o
adds
.I dhcpoption
to the list of paramters requested of the DHCP server.  The
result will appear in
.B /net/ndb
should this be the first interface.  The known options are:
.RS
.LP
.ft L
arptimeout, baddr, bflen, bootfile, clientid, cookie, discovermask,
discoverrouter, dns, dom, dumpfile, etherencap, extpath, finger,
homeagent, impress, ipaddr, ipforward, ipgw, ipmask, irc, lease, log,
lpr, maxdatagram, maxmsg, message, mtu, name, netbiosdds, netbiosns,
netbiosscope, netbiostype, ni, nisdomain, nisplus, nisplusdomain,
nntp, nonlocal, ntp, overload, params, pathplateau, pathtimeout,
policyfilter, pop3, rebindingtime, renewaltime, rl, rootpath, rs,
serverid, smtp, st, staticroutes, stdar, subnetslocal, supplymask,
swap, sys, tcpka, tcpkag, tcpttl, tftp, time, timeoff, trailerencap,
ttl, type, vendorclass, www, xdispmanager, xfont
.RE
.IP
The options
.BR ipmask ,
.BR ipgw ,
.BR dns ,
.BR sys ,
and
.B ntp
are always requested.
.TF M
.PD
.PP
If DHCP is requested, a process is forked
off to renew the lease before it
runs out.  If the lease does run out, this
process will remove any configured addresses
from the interface.
.PP
.I Rip
runs the routing protocol RIP.
It listens for RIP packets on connected networks and
updates the kernel routing tables.
The options are:
.TF M
.PD
.TP
.B b
broadcasts routing information onto the networks.
.TP
.B n
gathers routing information but doesn't write to the
route table.  This is useful with
.B \-d
to debug a network.
.TP
.B x
use the IP stack mounted at
.I netmtpt
instead of at
.BR /net .
.TP
.B d
turn on (voluminous) debugging.
.PP
.I Linklocal
prints the IPv6 link-local address corresponding to the given
.I mac
address.
Given
.BR -t ,
.I linklocal
instead prints the
.I 6to4
EUI-64-based IPv6 address corresponding to
.I mac
and
.I 6to4
gateway
.IR gwipv4 .
.SH EXAMPLES
Configure Ethernet 0 as the primary IP interface.
Get all addresses via DHCP.  Start up a connection server
and DNS resolver for this IP stack.
.IP
.EX
% bind -b '#l0' /net
% bind -a '#I0' /net
% ip/ipconfig
% ndb/cs
% ndb/dns -r
.EE
.PP
Add a second address to the stack.
.IP
.EX
% ip/ipconfig ether /net/ether0 add 12.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
.EE
.PP
At Bell Labs, our primary IP stack is always to the company's internal
firewall-protected network.  The following creates an external
IP stack to directly access the outside Internet.  Note that the
connection server uses a different set of
.I ndb
files.  This prevents us from confusing inside and outside name/address
bindings.
.IP
.EX
% bind -b '#l1' /net.alt
% bind -b '#I1' /net.alt
% ip/ipconfig -x /net.alt -g 204.178.31.1 ether /net.alt/ether1\\
	204.178.31.6 255.255.255.0
% ndb/cs -x /net.alt -f /lib/ndb/external
% ndb/dns -sx /net.alt -f /lib/ndb/external
% aux/listen -d /rc/bin/service.alt /net.alt/tcp
.EE
.PP
Configure the IPv6 link-local address automatically
and listen for router announcements.
.IP
.EX
ip/ipconfig -6 
ip/ipconfig ra6 recvra 1
.EE
.SH FILES
.B /sys/log/ipconfig
.SH SOURCE
.B /sys/src/cmd/ip/ipconfig
.br
.B /sys/src/cmd/ip/rip.c
.br
.B /sys/src/cmd/ip/linklocal.c
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.IR ether (3),
.IR ip (3),
.IR loopback (3),
.IR ndb (6),
.IR 6in4 (8),
.IR dhcpd (8),
.IR ppp (8)
.br
.B /lib/rfc/rfc2373
for IPv6's modified EUI-64