155 lines
3.2 KiB
Plaintext
155 lines
3.2 KiB
Plaintext
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.TH REWRITE 6
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.SH NAME
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rewrite \- mail rewrite rules
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.B /mail/lib/rewrite
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.IR Mail (1)
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uses rewrite rules to convert mail destinations into
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commands used to dispose of the mail.
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Each line of the file
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.F /mail/lib/rewrite
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is a rule.
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Blank lines and lines beginning with
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.B #
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are ignored.
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.PP
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Each rewriting rule consists of (up to) 4 strings:
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.TF pattern
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.TP
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.I pattern
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A regular expression in the style of
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.IR regexp (6).
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The
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.I pattern
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is applied to mail destination addresses.
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The pattern match is case-insensitive
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and must match the entire address.
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.TP
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.I type
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The type of rule; see below.
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.TP
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.I arg1
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An
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.IR ed (1)
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style replacement string, with
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.BI \e n
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standing for the text matched by the
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.IR n th
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parenthesized subpattern.
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.TP
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.I arg2
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Another
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.IR ed (1)
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style replacement string.
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.PD
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.PP
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In each of these fields the substring
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.B \es
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is replaced by the login id of the
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sender and the substring
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.B \el
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is replaced by the name of the local machine.
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.PP
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When delivering a message,
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.I mail
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starts with the first rule and continues down the list until a pattern
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matches the destination address.
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It then performs one of the following actions depending on the
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.I type
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of the rule:
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.TF alias
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.TP
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.B >>
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Append the mail to the file indicated by expanding
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.IR arg1 ,
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provided that file appears to be a valid mailbox.
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.TP
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.B |
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Pipe the mail through the command formed from concatenating the
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expanded
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.I arg1
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and
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.IR arg2 .
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.TP
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.B alias
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Replace the address by the address(es) specified
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by expanding
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.I arg1
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and recur.
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.TP
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.B translate
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Replace the address by the address(es) output by the
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command formed by expanding
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.I arg1
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and recur.
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.PD
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.PP
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.I Mail
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expands the addresses recursively until each address has matched a
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.B >>
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or
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.B |
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rule or until the recursion depth indicates a rewriting loop
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(currently 32).
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.PD
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.PP
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If
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.IR mail (1)
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is called with more than one address and
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several addresses match
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.B |
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rules and result in the same
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expanded
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.IR arg1 ,
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the message is delivered to all those addresses
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by a single command,
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composed by concatenating the common expanded
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.I arg1
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and each expanded
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.IR arg2 .
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This mail bundling is performed to reduce the number
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of times the same message is transmitted across a
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network. For example, with the following
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rewrite rule
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.PP
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.EX
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([^!]*\.bell-labs\.com)!(.*) | "/mail/lib/qmail '\es' 'net!\e1'" "'\e2'"
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.EE
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.PP
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if user
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.B presotto
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runs the command
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.PP
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.EX
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% mail plan9.bell-labs.com!ken plan9.bell-labs.com!rob
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.EE
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.PP
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there will follow only one execution of the command
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.PP
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.EX
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/mail/lib/qmail presotto net!plan9.bell-labs.com ken rob
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.EE
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.PP
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Here
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.B /mail/lib/qmail
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is an
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.IR rc (1)
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script used for locally queuing remote mail.
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.PP
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In the event of an error, the disposition of the mail depends on the name of the
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command executing the rewrite. If the command is called
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.B mail
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and is run by
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.BR $user ,
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the command will print an error and deposit the message in
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.BR /mail/box/$user/dead.letter .
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If the command is called
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.BR rmail ,
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usually because it was invoked to deliver mail arriving over the network,
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the message will be returned to the sender. The returned message will
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appear to have been sent by user
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.BR postmaster .
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.SH "SEE ALSO"
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.IR mail (1)
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