diff --git a/src/main/java/com/moandjiezana/toml/ArrayValueWriter.java b/src/main/java/com/moandjiezana/toml/ArrayValueWriter.java
index 2e51d28..c5de0c5 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/moandjiezana/toml/ArrayValueWriter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/moandjiezana/toml/ArrayValueWriter.java
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 package com.moandjiezana.toml;
 
 
-import static com.moandjiezana.toml.ValueWriters.WRITERS;
-
 import java.lang.reflect.Array;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Collection;
 
+import static com.moandjiezana.toml.ValueWriters.WRITERS;
+
 abstract class ArrayValueWriter implements ValueWriter {
   static protected boolean isArrayish(Object value) {
     return value instanceof Collection || value.getClass().isArray();
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ abstract class ArrayValueWriter implements ValueWriter {
       return valueWriter.isPrimitiveType() || isArrayish(first);
     }
 
-    return false;
+    return true;
   }
 
   @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/moandjiezana/toml/TomlWriter.java b/src/main/java/com/moandjiezana/toml/TomlWriter.java
index 75aabb2..2261433 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/moandjiezana/toml/TomlWriter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/moandjiezana/toml/TomlWriter.java
@@ -146,15 +146,16 @@ public class TomlWriter {
    * @param from the object to be written
    * @param target the Writer to which TOML will be written. The Writer is not closed.
    * @throws IOException if target.write() fails
+   * @throws IllegalStateException if
    */
   public void write(Object from, Writer target) throws IOException {
     ValueWriter valueWriter = WRITERS.findWriterFor(from);
-    
-    if (valueWriter != MAP_VALUE_WRITER && valueWriter != OBJECT_VALUE_WRITER) {
-      throw new IllegalArgumentException("An object of type " + from.getClass().getSimpleName() + " cannot produce valid TOML.");
+
+    ValueWriter writer = WRITERS.findWriterFor(from);
+    if (writer == MAP_VALUE_WRITER || writer == OBJECT_VALUE_WRITER) {
+      WRITERS.findWriterFor(from).write(from, context);
+    } else {
+      throw new IllegalStateException("Top-level value must not be a primitive or array.");
     }
-    
-    WriterContext context = new WriterContext(indentationPolicy, datePolicy, target);
-    valueWriter.write(from, context);
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/test/java/com/moandjiezana/toml/BurntSushiValidEncoderTest.java b/src/test/java/com/moandjiezana/toml/BurntSushiValidEncoderTest.java
index b4d2997..456ae8f 100644
--- a/src/test/java/com/moandjiezana/toml/BurntSushiValidEncoderTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/com/moandjiezana/toml/BurntSushiValidEncoderTest.java
@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 package com.moandjiezana.toml;
 
-import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import com.google.gson.Gson;
+import com.google.gson.JsonArray;
+import com.google.gson.JsonElement;
+import com.google.gson.JsonObject;
+import org.junit.*;
 
 import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.io.InputStreamReader;
@@ -15,15 +19,15 @@ import java.util.Locale;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.TimeZone;
 
-import org.junit.Test;
-
-import com.google.gson.Gson;
-import com.google.gson.JsonArray;
-import com.google.gson.JsonElement;
-import com.google.gson.JsonObject;
+import static org.junit.Assert.*;
 
 public class BurntSushiValidEncoderTest {
 
+  @Test
+  public void array_empty() throws Exception {
+    runEncoder("array-empty");
+  }
+
   @Test
   public void arrays_hetergeneous() throws Exception {
     runEncoder("arrays-hetergeneous");
diff --git a/src/test/java/com/moandjiezana/toml/TomlWriterTest.java b/src/test/java/com/moandjiezana/toml/TomlWriterTest.java
index a7df780..928f546 100644
--- a/src/test/java/com/moandjiezana/toml/TomlWriterTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/com/moandjiezana/toml/TomlWriterTest.java
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ public class TomlWriterTest {
       List<Integer> aList = new LinkedList<Integer>();
       Float[] anArray = new Float[0];
     }
-    assertEquals("", new TomlWriter().write(new TestClass()));
+    assertEquals("aList = []\nanArray = []\n", new TomlWriter().write(new TestClass()));
   }
 
   @Test
@@ -284,14 +284,17 @@ public class TomlWriterTest {
 
   @Test
   public void should_write_strings_to_toml_utf8() throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
-    Map<String, String> input = new HashMap<String, String>();
-    input.put("a", " é foo € \b \t \n \f \r \" \\ ");
-    input.put("b", " \uD801\uDC28 \uD840\uDC0B "); // Check unicode code points greater than 0XFFFF
-    
-    String expected = "a = \" \\u00E9 foo \\u20AC \\b \\t \\n \\f \\r \\\" \\\\ \"\n"
-        + "b = \" \\U00010428 \\U0002000B \"\n";
-    
-    assertEquals(expected, new TomlWriter().write(input));
+    class Utf8Test {
+      String input;
+    }
+
+    Utf8Test utf8Test = new Utf8Test();
+    utf8Test.input = " é foo € \b \t \n \f \r \" \\ ";
+    assertEquals("input = \" \\u00E9 foo \\u20AC \\b \\t \\n \\f \\r \\\" \\\\ \"\n", new TomlWriter().write(utf8Test));
+
+    // Check unicode code points greater than 0XFFFF
+    utf8Test.input = " \uD801\uDC28 \uD840\uDC0B ";
+    assertEquals("input = \" \\U00010428 \\U0002000B \"\n", new TomlWriter().write(utf8Test));
   }
 
   @Test
@@ -443,7 +446,7 @@ public class TomlWriterTest {
     
     assertEquals(expected, writer.write(o));
   }
-  
+
   private static class SimpleTestClass {
     int a = 1;
   }
@@ -472,21 +475,36 @@ public class TomlWriterTest {
     assertEquals("a = 1\n", readFile(output));
   }
   
-  @Test(expected=IllegalArgumentException.class)
-  public void should_not_write_date() throws Exception {
+  @Test(expected = IllegalStateException.class)
+  public void should_refuse_to_write_string_fragment() {
+    new TomlWriter().write("fragment");
+  }
+
+  @Test(expected = IllegalStateException.class)
+  public void should_refuse_to_write_boolean_fragment() {
+    new TomlWriter().write(true);
+  }
+
+  @Test(expected = IllegalStateException.class)
+  public void should_refuse_to_write_number_fragment() {
+    new TomlWriter().write(42);
+  }
+
+  @Test(expected = IllegalStateException.class)
+  public void should_refuse_to_write_date_fragment() {
     new TomlWriter().write(new Date());
   }
-  
-  @Test(expected=IllegalArgumentException.class)
-  public void should_not_write_boolean() throws Exception {
-    new TomlWriter().write(Boolean.TRUE);
+
+  @Test(expected = IllegalStateException.class)
+  public void should_refuse_to_write_array_fragment() {
+    new TomlWriter().write(new int[2]);
   }
-  
-  @Test(expected=IllegalArgumentException.class)
-  public void should_not_write_number() throws Exception {
-    new TomlWriter().write(Long.valueOf(1));
+
+  @Test(expected = IllegalStateException.class)
+  public void should_refuse_to_write_table_array_fragment() {
+    new TomlWriter().write(new SimpleTestClass[2]);
   }
-  
+
   @Test(expected=IllegalArgumentException.class)
   public void should_not_write_list() throws Exception {
     new TomlWriter().write(Arrays.asList("a"));