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reactos/subsystems/mvdm/ntvdm/dos/dos32krnl/himem.c

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/*
* COPYRIGHT: GPLv2+ - See COPYING in the top level directory
* PROJECT: ReactOS Virtual DOS Machine
* FILE: subsystems/mvdm/ntvdm/dos/dos32krnl/himem.c
* PURPOSE: DOS XMS Driver and UMB Provider
* PROGRAMMERS: Aleksandar Andrejevic <theflash AT sdf DOT lonestar DOT org>
* Hermes Belusca-Maito (hermes.belusca@sfr.fr)
*
* DOCUMENTATION: Official specifications:
* XMS v2.0: http://www.phatcode.net/res/219/files/xms20.txt
* XMS v3.0: http://www.phatcode.net/res/219/files/xms30.txt
*
* About the implementation of UMBs in DOS:
* ----------------------------------------
* DOS needs a UMB provider to be able to use chunks of RAM in the C000-EFF0
* memory region. A UMB provider detects regions of memory that do not contain
* any ROMs or other system mapped area such as video RAM.
*
* Where can UMB providers be found?
*
* The XMS specification (see himem.c) provides three APIs to create, free, and
* resize UMB blocks. As such, DOS performs calls into the XMS driver chain to
* request UMB blocks and include them into the DOS memory arena.
* However, is it only the HIMEM driver (implementing the XMS specification)
* which can provide UMBs? It appears that this is not necessarily the case:
* for example the MS HIMEM versions do not implement the UMB APIs; instead
* it is the EMS driver (EMM386) which provides them, by hooking into the XMS
* driver chain (see https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/95555 : "MS-DOS 5.0
* and later EMM386.EXE can also be configured to provide UMBs according to the
* XMS. This causes EMM386.EXE to be a provider of the UMB portion of the XMS.").
*
* Some alternative replacements of HIMEM/EMM386 (for example in FreeDOS)
* implement everything inside only one driver (XMS+EMS+UMB provider).
* Finally there are some UMB providers that exist separately of XMS and EMS
* drivers (for example, UMBPCI): they use hardware-specific tricks to discover
* and provide UMBs.
*
* For more details, see:
* http://www.freedos.org/technotes/technote/txt/169.txt
* http://www.freedos.org/technotes/technote/txt/202.txt
* http://www.uncreativelabs.net/textfiles/system/UMB.TXT
*
* This DOS XMS Driver provides the UMB APIs that are implemented on top
* of the internal Upper Memory Area Manager, in umamgr.c
*/
/* INCLUDES *******************************************************************/
#include "ntvdm.h"
#define NDEBUG
#include <debug.h>
#include "emulator.h"
#include "cpu/bop.h"
#include "../../memory.h"
#include "bios/umamgr.h"
#include "device.h"
#include "himem.h"
#define XMS_DEVICE_NAME "XMSXXXX0"
/* BOP Identifiers */
#define BOP_XMS 0x52
/* PRIVATE VARIABLES **********************************************************/
static const BYTE EntryProcedure[] =
{
0xEB, // jmp short +0x03
0x03,
0x90, // nop
0x90, // nop
0x90, // nop
LOBYTE(EMULATOR_BOP),
HIBYTE(EMULATOR_BOP),
BOP_XMS,
0xCB // retf
};
static PDOS_DEVICE_NODE Node = NULL;
static XMS_HANDLE HandleTable[XMS_MAX_HANDLES];
static WORD FreeBlocks = XMS_BLOCKS;
static RTL_BITMAP AllocBitmap;
static ULONG BitmapBuffer[(XMS_BLOCKS + 31) / 32];
/*
* This value is associated to HIMEM's "/HMAMIN=" switch. It indicates the
* minimum account of space in the HMA a program can use, and is used in
* conjunction with the "Request HMA" function.
*
* NOTE: The "/HMAMIN=" value is in kilo-bytes, whereas HmaMinSize is in bytes.
*
* Default value: 0. This causes the HMA to be allocated on a first come,
* first served basis.
*/
static WORD HmaMinSize = 0;
/*
* Flag used by "Request/Release HMA" functions, which indicates
* whether the HMA was reserved or not.
*/
static BOOLEAN IsHmaReserved = FALSE;
/*
* Flag used by "Global Enable/Disable A20" functions, so that they don't
* need to re-change the state of A20 if it was already enabled/disabled.
*/
static BOOLEAN IsA20Enabled = FALSE;
/*
* This flag is set to TRUE or FALSE when A20 line was already disabled or
* enabled when XMS driver was loaded.
* In case A20 was disabled, we are allowed to modify it. In case A20 was
* already enabled, we are not allowed to touch it.
*/
static BOOLEAN CanChangeA20 = TRUE;
/*
* Count for enabling or disabling the A20 line. The A20 line is enabled
* only if the enabling count is greater than or equal to 0.
*/
static LONG A20EnableCount = 0;
/* A20 LINE HELPERS ***********************************************************/
static VOID XmsLocalEnableA20(VOID)
{
/* Enable A20 only if we can do so, otherwise make the caller believe we enabled it */
if (!CanChangeA20) goto Quit;
/* The count is zero so enable A20 */
if (A20EnableCount == 0) EmulatorSetA20(TRUE);
++A20EnableCount;
Quit:
setAX(0x0001); /* Line successfully enabled */
setBL(XMS_STATUS_SUCCESS);
return;
}
static VOID XmsLocalDisableA20(VOID)
{
UCHAR Result = XMS_STATUS_SUCCESS;
/* Disable A20 only if we can do so, otherwise make the caller believe we disabled it */
if (!CanChangeA20) goto Quit;
/* If the count is already zero, fail */
if (A20EnableCount == 0) goto Fail;
--A20EnableCount;
/* The count is zero so disable A20 */
if (A20EnableCount == 0)
EmulatorSetA20(FALSE); // Result = XMS_STATUS_SUCCESS;
else
Result = XMS_STATUS_A20_STILL_ENABLED;
Quit:
setAX(0x0001); /* Line successfully disabled */
setBL(Result);
return;
Fail:
setAX(0x0000); /* Line failed to be disabled */
setBL(XMS_STATUS_A20_ERROR);
return;
}
/* PRIVATE FUNCTIONS **********************************************************/
static inline PXMS_HANDLE GetHandleRecord(WORD Handle)
{
PXMS_HANDLE Entry;
if (Handle == 0 || Handle >= XMS_MAX_HANDLES) return NULL;
Entry = &HandleTable[Handle - 1];
return Entry->Size ? Entry : NULL;
}
static inline BOOLEAN ValidateHandle(PXMS_HANDLE HandleEntry)
{
return (HandleEntry != NULL && HandleEntry->Handle != 0);
}
static WORD XmsGetLargestFreeBlock(VOID)
{
WORD Result = 0;
DWORD CurrentIndex = 0;
ULONG RunStart;
ULONG RunSize;
while (CurrentIndex < XMS_BLOCKS)
{
RunSize = RtlFindNextForwardRunClear(&AllocBitmap, CurrentIndex, &RunStart);
if (RunSize == 0) break;
/* Update the maximum */
if (RunSize > Result) Result = RunSize;
/* Go to the next run */
CurrentIndex = RunStart + RunSize;
}
return Result;
}
static UCHAR XmsAlloc(WORD Size, PWORD Handle)
{
BYTE i;
PXMS_HANDLE HandleEntry;
DWORD CurrentIndex = 0;
ULONG RunStart;
ULONG RunSize;
if (Size > FreeBlocks) return XMS_STATUS_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
for (i = 0; i < XMS_MAX_HANDLES; i++)
{
HandleEntry = &HandleTable[i];
if (HandleEntry->Handle == 0)
{
*Handle = i + 1;
break;
}
}
if (i == XMS_MAX_HANDLES) return XMS_STATUS_OUT_OF_HANDLES;
/* Optimize blocks */
for (i = 0; i < XMS_MAX_HANDLES; i++)
{
/* Skip free and locked blocks */
if (HandleEntry->Handle == 0 || HandleEntry->LockCount > 0) continue;
CurrentIndex = (HandleEntry->Address - XMS_ADDRESS) / XMS_BLOCK_SIZE;
/* Check if there is any free space before this block */
RunSize = RtlFindLastBackwardRunClear(&AllocBitmap, CurrentIndex, &RunStart);
if (RunSize == 0) break;
/* Move this block back */
RtlMoveMemory((PVOID)REAL_TO_PHYS(HandleEntry->Address - RunSize * XMS_BLOCK_SIZE),
(PVOID)REAL_TO_PHYS(HandleEntry->Address),
RunSize * XMS_BLOCK_SIZE);
/* Update the address */
HandleEntry->Address -= RunSize * XMS_BLOCK_SIZE;
}
while (CurrentIndex < XMS_BLOCKS)
{
RunSize = RtlFindNextForwardRunClear(&AllocBitmap, CurrentIndex, &RunStart);
if (RunSize == 0) break;
if (RunSize >= HandleEntry->Size)
{
/* Allocate it here */
HandleEntry->Handle = i + 1;
HandleEntry->LockCount = 0;
HandleEntry->Size = Size;
HandleEntry->Address = XMS_ADDRESS + RunStart * XMS_BLOCK_SIZE;
FreeBlocks -= Size;
RtlSetBits(&AllocBitmap, RunStart, HandleEntry->Size);
return XMS_STATUS_SUCCESS;
}
/* Keep searching */
CurrentIndex = RunStart + RunSize;
}
return XMS_STATUS_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
}
static UCHAR XmsRealloc(WORD Handle, WORD NewSize)
{
DWORD BlockNumber;
PXMS_HANDLE HandleEntry = GetHandleRecord(Handle);
DWORD CurrentIndex = 0;
ULONG RunStart;
ULONG RunSize;
if (!ValidateHandle(HandleEntry))
return XMS_STATUS_INVALID_HANDLE;
if (HandleEntry->LockCount)
return XMS_STATUS_LOCKED;
/* Get the block number */
BlockNumber = (HandleEntry->Address - XMS_ADDRESS) / XMS_BLOCK_SIZE;
if (NewSize < HandleEntry->Size)
{
/* Just reduce the size of this block */
RtlClearBits(&AllocBitmap, BlockNumber + NewSize, HandleEntry->Size - NewSize);
FreeBlocks += HandleEntry->Size - NewSize;
HandleEntry->Size = NewSize;
}
else if (NewSize > HandleEntry->Size)
{
/* Check if we can expand in-place */
if (RtlAreBitsClear(&AllocBitmap,
BlockNumber + HandleEntry->Size,
NewSize - HandleEntry->Size))
{
/* Just increase the size of this block */
RtlSetBits(&AllocBitmap,
BlockNumber + HandleEntry->Size,
NewSize - HandleEntry->Size);
FreeBlocks -= NewSize - HandleEntry->Size;
HandleEntry->Size = NewSize;
/* We're done */
return XMS_STATUS_SUCCESS;
}
/* Deallocate the current block range */
RtlClearBits(&AllocBitmap, BlockNumber, HandleEntry->Size);
/* Find a new place for this block */
while (CurrentIndex < XMS_BLOCKS)
{
RunSize = RtlFindNextForwardRunClear(&AllocBitmap, CurrentIndex, &RunStart);
if (RunSize == 0) break;
if (RunSize >= NewSize)
{
/* Allocate the new range */
RtlSetBits(&AllocBitmap, RunStart, NewSize);
/* Move the data to the new location */
RtlMoveMemory((PVOID)REAL_TO_PHYS(XMS_ADDRESS + RunStart * XMS_BLOCK_SIZE),
(PVOID)REAL_TO_PHYS(HandleEntry->Address),
HandleEntry->Size * XMS_BLOCK_SIZE);
/* Update the handle entry */
HandleEntry->Address = XMS_ADDRESS + RunStart * XMS_BLOCK_SIZE;
HandleEntry->Size = NewSize;
/* Update the free block counter */
FreeBlocks -= NewSize - HandleEntry->Size;
return XMS_STATUS_SUCCESS;
}
/* Keep searching */
CurrentIndex = RunStart + RunSize;
}
/* Restore the old block range */
RtlSetBits(&AllocBitmap, BlockNumber, HandleEntry->Size);
return XMS_STATUS_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
}
return XMS_STATUS_SUCCESS;
}
static UCHAR XmsFree(WORD Handle)
{
DWORD BlockNumber;
PXMS_HANDLE HandleEntry = GetHandleRecord(Handle);
if (!ValidateHandle(HandleEntry))
return XMS_STATUS_INVALID_HANDLE;
if (HandleEntry->LockCount)
return XMS_STATUS_LOCKED;
BlockNumber = (HandleEntry->Address - XMS_ADDRESS) / XMS_BLOCK_SIZE;
RtlClearBits(&AllocBitmap, BlockNumber, HandleEntry->Size);
HandleEntry->Handle = 0;
FreeBlocks += HandleEntry->Size;
return XMS_STATUS_SUCCESS;
}
static UCHAR XmsLock(WORD Handle, PDWORD Address)
{
PXMS_HANDLE HandleEntry = GetHandleRecord(Handle);
if (!ValidateHandle(HandleEntry))
return XMS_STATUS_INVALID_HANDLE;
if (HandleEntry->LockCount == 0xFF)
return XMS_STATUS_LOCK_OVERFLOW;
/* Increment the lock count */
HandleEntry->LockCount++;
*Address = HandleEntry->Address;
return XMS_STATUS_SUCCESS;
}
static UCHAR XmsUnlock(WORD Handle)
{
PXMS_HANDLE HandleEntry = GetHandleRecord(Handle);
if (!ValidateHandle(HandleEntry))
return XMS_STATUS_INVALID_HANDLE;
if (!HandleEntry->LockCount)
return XMS_STATUS_NOT_LOCKED;
/* Decrement the lock count */
HandleEntry->LockCount--;
return XMS_STATUS_SUCCESS;
}
static VOID WINAPI XmsBopProcedure(LPWORD Stack)
{
switch (getAH())
{
/* Get XMS Version */
case 0x00:
{
setAX(0x0300); /* XMS version 3.00 */
setBX(0x0301); /* Driver version 3.01 */
setDX(0x0001); /* HMA present */
break;
}
/* Request HMA */
case 0x01:
{
/* Check whether HMA is already reserved */
if (IsHmaReserved)
{
/* It is, bail out */
setAX(0x0000);
setBL(XMS_STATUS_HMA_IN_USE);
break;
}
// NOTE: We implicitely suppose that we always have HMA.
// If not, we should fail there with the XMS_STATUS_HMA_DOES_NOT_EXIST
// error code.
/* Check whether the requested size is above the minimal allowed one */
if (getDX() < HmaMinSize)
{
/* It is not, bail out */
setAX(0x0000);
setBL(XMS_STATUS_HMA_MIN_SIZE);
break;
}
/* Reserve it */
IsHmaReserved = TRUE;
setAX(0x0001);
setBL(XMS_STATUS_SUCCESS);
break;
}
/* Release HMA */
case 0x02:
{
/* Check whether HMA was reserved */
if (!IsHmaReserved)
{
/* It was not, bail out */
setAX(0x0000);
setBL(XMS_STATUS_HMA_NOT_ALLOCATED);
break;
}
/* Release it */
IsHmaReserved = FALSE;
setAX(0x0001);
setBL(XMS_STATUS_SUCCESS);
break;
}
/* Global Enable A20 */
case 0x03:
{
/* Enable A20 if needed */
if (!IsA20Enabled)
{
XmsLocalEnableA20();
if (getAX() != 0x0001)
{
/* XmsLocalEnableA20 failed and already set AX and BL to their correct values */
break;
}
IsA20Enabled = TRUE;
}
setAX(0x0001); /* Line successfully enabled */
setBL(XMS_STATUS_SUCCESS);
break;
}
/* Global Disable A20 */
case 0x04:
{
UCHAR Result = XMS_STATUS_SUCCESS;
/* Disable A20 if needed */
if (IsA20Enabled)
{
XmsLocalDisableA20();
if (getAX() != 0x0001)
{
/* XmsLocalDisableA20 failed and already set AX and BL to their correct values */
break;
}
IsA20Enabled = FALSE;
Result = getBL();
}
setAX(0x0001); /* Line successfully disabled */
setBL(Result);
break;
}
/* Local Enable A20 */
case 0x05:
{
/* This call sets AX and BL to their correct values */
XmsLocalEnableA20();
break;
}
/* Local Disable A20 */
case 0x06:
{
/* This call sets AX and BL to their correct values */
XmsLocalDisableA20();
break;
}
/* Query A20 State */
case 0x07:
{
setAX(EmulatorGetA20());
setBL(XMS_STATUS_SUCCESS);
break;
}
/* Query Free Extended Memory */
case 0x08:
{
setAX(XmsGetLargestFreeBlock());
setDX(FreeBlocks);
if (FreeBlocks > 0)
setBL(XMS_STATUS_SUCCESS);
else
setBL(XMS_STATUS_OUT_OF_MEMORY);
break;
}
/* Allocate Extended Memory Block */
case 0x09:
{
WORD Handle;
UCHAR Result = XmsAlloc(getDX(), &Handle);
if (Result == XMS_STATUS_SUCCESS)
{
setAX(1);
setDX(Handle);
}
else
{
setAX(0);
setBL(Result);
}
break;
}
/* Free Extended Memory Block */
case 0x0A:
{
UCHAR Result = XmsFree(getDX());
setAX(Result == XMS_STATUS_SUCCESS);
setBL(Result);
break;
}
/* Move Extended Memory Block */
case 0x0B:
{
PVOID SourceAddress, DestAddress;
PXMS_COPY_DATA CopyData = (PXMS_COPY_DATA)SEG_OFF_TO_PTR(getDS(), getSI());
PXMS_HANDLE HandleEntry;
if (CopyData->SourceHandle)
{
HandleEntry = GetHandleRecord(CopyData->SourceHandle);
if (!ValidateHandle(HandleEntry))
{
setAX(0);
setBL(XMS_STATUS_BAD_SRC_HANDLE);
break;
}
if (CopyData->SourceOffset >= HandleEntry->Size * XMS_BLOCK_SIZE)
{
setAX(0);
setBL(XMS_STATUS_BAD_SRC_OFFSET);
}
SourceAddress = (PVOID)REAL_TO_PHYS(HandleEntry->Address + CopyData->SourceOffset);
}
else
{
/* The offset is actually a 16-bit segment:offset pointer */
SourceAddress = FAR_POINTER(CopyData->SourceOffset);
}
if (CopyData->DestHandle)
{
HandleEntry = GetHandleRecord(CopyData->DestHandle);
if (!ValidateHandle(HandleEntry))
{
setAX(0);
setBL(XMS_STATUS_BAD_DEST_HANDLE);
break;
}
if (CopyData->DestOffset >= HandleEntry->Size * XMS_BLOCK_SIZE)
{
setAX(0);
setBL(XMS_STATUS_BAD_DEST_OFFSET);
}
DestAddress = (PVOID)REAL_TO_PHYS(HandleEntry->Address + CopyData->DestOffset);
}
else
{
/* The offset is actually a 16-bit segment:offset pointer */
DestAddress = FAR_POINTER(CopyData->DestOffset);
}
/* Perform the move */
RtlMoveMemory(DestAddress, SourceAddress, CopyData->Count);
setAX(1);
setBL(XMS_STATUS_SUCCESS);
break;
}
/* Lock Extended Memory Block */
case 0x0C:
{
DWORD Address;
UCHAR Result = XmsLock(getDX(), &Address);
if (Result == XMS_STATUS_SUCCESS)
{
setAX(1);
/* Store the LINEAR address in DX:BX */
setDX(HIWORD(Address));
setBX(LOWORD(Address));
}
else
{
setAX(0);
setBL(Result);
}
break;
}
/* Unlock Extended Memory Block */
case 0x0D:
{
UCHAR Result = XmsUnlock(getDX());
setAX(Result == XMS_STATUS_SUCCESS);
setBL(Result);
break;
}
/* Get Handle Information */
case 0x0E:
{
PXMS_HANDLE HandleEntry = GetHandleRecord(getDX());
UINT i;
UCHAR Handles = 0;
if (!ValidateHandle(HandleEntry))
{
setAX(0);
setBL(XMS_STATUS_INVALID_HANDLE);
break;
}
for (i = 0; i < XMS_MAX_HANDLES; i++)
{
if (HandleTable[i].Handle == 0) Handles++;
}
setAX(1);
setBH(HandleEntry->LockCount);
setBL(Handles);
setDX(HandleEntry->Size);
break;
}
/* Reallocate Extended Memory Block */
case 0x0F:
{
UCHAR Result = XmsRealloc(getDX(), getBX());
setAX(Result == XMS_STATUS_SUCCESS);
setBL(Result);
break;
}
/* Request UMB */
case 0x10:
{
BOOLEAN Result;
USHORT Segment = 0x0000; /* No preferred segment */
USHORT Size = getDX(); /* Size is in paragraphs */
Result = UmaDescReserve(&Segment, &Size);
if (Result)
setBX(Segment);
else
setBL(Size > 0 ? XMS_STATUS_SMALLER_UMB : XMS_STATUS_OUT_OF_UMBS);
setDX(Size);
setAX(Result);
break;
}
/* Release UMB */
case 0x11:
{
BOOLEAN Result;
USHORT Segment = getDX();
Result = UmaDescRelease(Segment);
if (!Result)
setBL(XMS_STATUS_INVALID_UMB);
setAX(Result);
break;
}
/* Reallocate UMB */
case 0x12:
{
BOOLEAN Result;
USHORT Segment = getDX();
USHORT Size = getBX(); /* Size is in paragraphs */
Result = UmaDescReallocate(Segment, &Size);
if (!Result)
{
if (Size > 0)
{
setBL(XMS_STATUS_SMALLER_UMB);
setDX(Size);
}
else
{
setBL(XMS_STATUS_INVALID_UMB);
}
}
setAX(Result);
break;
}
default:
{
DPRINT1("XMS command AH = 0x%02X NOT IMPLEMENTED\n", getAH());
setBL(XMS_STATUS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED);
}
}
}
/* PUBLIC FUNCTIONS ***********************************************************/
BOOLEAN XmsGetDriverEntry(PDWORD Pointer)
{
if (Node == NULL) return FALSE;
*Pointer = DEVICE_PRIVATE_AREA(Node->Driver);
return TRUE;
}
VOID XmsInitialize(VOID)
{
RtlZeroMemory(HandleTable, sizeof(HandleTable));
RtlZeroMemory(BitmapBuffer, sizeof(BitmapBuffer));
RtlInitializeBitMap(&AllocBitmap, BitmapBuffer, XMS_BLOCKS);
Node = DosCreateDeviceEx(DOS_DEVATTR_IOCTL | DOS_DEVATTR_CHARACTER,
XMS_DEVICE_NAME,
sizeof(EntryProcedure));
RegisterBop(BOP_XMS, XmsBopProcedure);
/* Copy the entry routine to the device private area */
RtlMoveMemory(FAR_POINTER(DEVICE_PRIVATE_AREA(Node->Driver)),
EntryProcedure,
sizeof(EntryProcedure));
}
VOID XmsCleanup(VOID)
{
RegisterBop(BOP_XMS, NULL);
DosDeleteDevice(Node);
}
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