reactos/sdk/lib/3rdparty/stlport/doc/pointer_specialization.txt

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********************************************************************
* This document describe the STLport container pointer *
* specialization feature. *
********************************************************************
What is it for:
The major problem of template code is the potentialy huge binary
size that can result from the compilation. Each template type
instanciation is a new type from the compiler point of view even if
the generated binaries are identicals. To avoid this binary duplication
STLport grant the partial pointer specialization for 4 containers:
- vector
- deque
- list
- slist
How does it work:
The pointer specialization consists in using a void* container
instanciation for any container of pointers, including pointers
to cv qualified types. So the container pointer specializations
are only bridges that forward all the method calls to the
underlying void* container instanciation. The bridge job is to
cast the pointer type to and from the void* type.
Why only those 4 containers:
Some of you might wonder why none of the associative containers
or hash containers has been specialized. Lets take the set container
as an example. Its declaration is
template <class _Tp,
class _Compare = less<_Tp>,
class _Alloc = allocator<_Tp> >
class set;
In a first thought you can imagine a partial specialization like
the following:
template <class _Tp, class _Compare, class _Alloc>
class set<_Tp*, _Compare, _Alloc>
What would be the underlying container for such a partial
specialization? The _Alloc type is supposed to have a rebind member
method so you can easily find the _VoidAlloc type. The _Compare type,
on the other hand, do not have this kind of Standard requirements.
So you need to wrap the _Compare type within a _WrapCompare type
that will take care of all the cast work. The underlying container
type will be:
set<void*, _WrapCompare<_Tp, _Compare>, _VoidAlloc>
The problem of such a type is that it is still dependent on the
original _Tp type for the _WrapCompare instanciation. So each set
instanciation will have a distinct underlying void* container and
we fall back on a binary duplication trouble.
On a second thought a possible solution is to limit the partial
specialization like that:
template <class _Tp, class _Alloc>
class set<_Tp*, less<_Tp*>, _Alloc>
We only specialized the set container if the comparison functor
is the Standard less struct. The underlying container would be:
set<void*, less<void*>, _VoidAlloc>
It looks fine but it is wrong. Actually a STL user is free to
specialized the less struct for any pointer type even the basic one.
In such a situation the client would think that the set is ordered
according its own functor but will finally have a set ordered according
the less<void*> functor. The less specialization issue also show that
the underlying cannot be a
set<void*, less<void*>, _VoidAlloc>
but will have to be a
set<void*, __less<void*>, _VoidAlloc>
where __less would be equivalent to the standard less functor but
would not be specializable because unreachable from the client code.
There is of course a solution for this specialization issue. We
need to be able to detect the less specialization. The partial set
specialization would have to be used only if the less functor is
the default STLport implementation based on the strict ordering operator.
No doubt that a solution to this problem will be soon found.