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reactos/ntoskrnl/ke/i386/kiinit.c

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/*
* PROJECT: ReactOS Kernel
* LICENSE: GPL - See COPYING in the top level directory
* FILE: ntoskrnl/ke/i386/kiinit.c
* PURPOSE: Kernel Initialization for x86 CPUs
* PROGRAMMERS: Alex Ionescu (alex.ionescu@reactos.org)
*/
/* INCLUDES *****************************************************************/
#include <ntoskrnl.h>
#define NDEBUG
#include <debug.h>
#include "internal/i386/trap_x.h"
/* GLOBALS *******************************************************************/
/* Boot and double-fault/NMI/DPC stack */
UCHAR DECLSPEC_ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE) P0BootStackData[KERNEL_STACK_SIZE] = {0};
UCHAR DECLSPEC_ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE) KiDoubleFaultStackData[KERNEL_STACK_SIZE] = {0};
ULONG_PTR P0BootStack = (ULONG_PTR)&P0BootStackData[KERNEL_STACK_SIZE];
ULONG_PTR KiDoubleFaultStack = (ULONG_PTR)&KiDoubleFaultStackData[KERNEL_STACK_SIZE];
/* Spinlocks used only on X86 */
KSPIN_LOCK KiFreezeExecutionLock;
KSPIN_LOCK Ki486CompatibilityLock;
/* Perf */
ULONG ProcessCount;
ULONGLONG BootCycles, BootCyclesEnd;
/* FUNCTIONS *****************************************************************/
CODE_SEG("INIT")
VOID
NTAPI
KiInitMachineDependent(VOID)
{
ULONG CpuCount;
BOOLEAN FbCaching = FALSE;
NTSTATUS Status;
ULONG ReturnLength;
ULONG i, Affinity, Sample = 0;
PFX_SAVE_AREA FxSaveArea;
ULONG MXCsrMask = 0xFFBF;
CPU_INFO CpuInfo;
KI_SAMPLE_MAP Samples[10];
PKI_SAMPLE_MAP CurrentSample = Samples;
LARGE_IDENTITY_MAP IdentityMap;
/* Check for large page support */
if (KeFeatureBits & KF_LARGE_PAGE)
{
/* Do an IPI to enable it on all CPUs */
if (Ki386CreateIdentityMap(&IdentityMap, Ki386EnableCurrentLargePage, 2))
KeIpiGenericCall(Ki386EnableTargetLargePage, (ULONG_PTR)&IdentityMap);
/* Free the pages allocated for identity map */
Ki386FreeIdentityMap(&IdentityMap);
}
/* Check for global page support */
if (KeFeatureBits & KF_GLOBAL_PAGE)
{
/* Do an IPI to enable it on all CPUs */
CpuCount = KeNumberProcessors;
KeIpiGenericCall(Ki386EnableGlobalPage, (ULONG_PTR)&CpuCount);
}
/* Check for PAT and/or MTRR support */
if (KeFeatureBits & (KF_PAT | KF_MTRR))
{
/* Query the HAL to make sure we can use it */
Status = HalQuerySystemInformation(HalFrameBufferCachingInformation,
sizeof(BOOLEAN),
&FbCaching,
&ReturnLength);
if ((NT_SUCCESS(Status)) && (FbCaching))
{
/* We can't, disable it */
KeFeatureBits &= ~(KF_PAT | KF_MTRR);
}
}
/* Check for PAT support and enable it */
if (KeFeatureBits & KF_PAT) KiInitializePAT();
/* Check for CR4 support */
if (KeFeatureBits & KF_CR4)
{
/* Do an IPI call to enable the Debug Exceptions */
CpuCount = KeNumberProcessors;
KeIpiGenericCall(Ki386EnableDE, (ULONG_PTR)&CpuCount);
}
/* Check if FXSR was found */
if (KeFeatureBits & KF_FXSR)
{
/* Do an IPI call to enable the FXSR */
CpuCount = KeNumberProcessors;
KeIpiGenericCall(Ki386EnableFxsr, (ULONG_PTR)&CpuCount);
/* Check if XMM was found too */
if (KeFeatureBits & KF_XMMI)
{
/* Do an IPI call to enable XMMI exceptions */
CpuCount = KeNumberProcessors;
KeIpiGenericCall(Ki386EnableXMMIExceptions, (ULONG_PTR)&CpuCount);
/* FIXME: Implement and enable XMM Page Zeroing for Mm */
/* Patch the RtlPrefetchMemoryNonTemporal routine to enable it */
*(PCHAR)RtlPrefetchMemoryNonTemporal = 0x90; // NOP
}
}
/* Check for, and enable SYSENTER support */
KiRestoreFastSyscallReturnState();
/* Loop every CPU */
i = KeActiveProcessors;
for (Affinity = 1; i; Affinity <<= 1)
{
/* Check if this is part of the set */
if (i & Affinity)
{
/* Run on this CPU */
i &= ~Affinity;
KeSetSystemAffinityThread(Affinity);
/* Reset MHz to 0 for this CPU */
KeGetCurrentPrcb()->MHz = 0;
/* Check if we can use RDTSC */
if (KeFeatureBits & KF_RDTSC)
{
/* Start sampling loop */
for (;;)
{
/* Do a dummy CPUID to start the sample */
KiCpuId(&CpuInfo, 0);
/* Fill out the starting data */
CurrentSample->PerfStart = KeQueryPerformanceCounter(NULL);
CurrentSample->TSCStart = __rdtsc();
CurrentSample->PerfFreq.QuadPart = -50000;
/* Sleep for this sample */
KeDelayExecutionThread(KernelMode,
FALSE,
&CurrentSample->PerfFreq);
/* Do another dummy CPUID */
KiCpuId(&CpuInfo, 0);
/* Fill out the ending data */
CurrentSample->PerfEnd =
KeQueryPerformanceCounter(&CurrentSample->PerfFreq);
CurrentSample->TSCEnd = __rdtsc();
/* Calculate the differences */
CurrentSample->PerfDelta = CurrentSample->PerfEnd.QuadPart -
CurrentSample->PerfStart.QuadPart;
CurrentSample->TSCDelta = CurrentSample->TSCEnd -
CurrentSample->TSCStart;
/* Compute CPU Speed */
CurrentSample->MHz = (ULONG)((CurrentSample->TSCDelta *
CurrentSample->
PerfFreq.QuadPart + 500000) /
(CurrentSample->PerfDelta *
1000000));
/* Check if this isn't the first sample */
if (Sample)
{
/* Check if we got a good precision within 1MHz */
if ((CurrentSample->MHz == CurrentSample[-1].MHz) ||
(CurrentSample->MHz == CurrentSample[-1].MHz + 1) ||
(CurrentSample->MHz == CurrentSample[-1].MHz - 1))
{
/* We did, stop sampling */
break;
}
}
/* Move on */
CurrentSample++;
Sample++;
if (Sample == RTL_NUMBER_OF(Samples))
{
/* No luck. Average the samples and be done */
ULONG TotalMHz = 0;
while (Sample--)
{
TotalMHz += Samples[Sample].MHz;
}
CurrentSample[-1].MHz = TotalMHz / RTL_NUMBER_OF(Samples);
DPRINT1("Sampling CPU frequency failed. Using average of %lu MHz\n", CurrentSample[-1].MHz);
break;
}
}
/* Save the CPU Speed */
KeGetCurrentPrcb()->MHz = CurrentSample[-1].MHz;
}
/* Check if we have MTRR */
if (KeFeatureBits & KF_MTRR)
{
/* Then manually initialize MTRR for the CPU */
KiInitializeMTRR(i ? FALSE : TRUE);
}
/* Check if we have AMD MTRR and initialize it for the CPU */
if (KeFeatureBits & KF_AMDK6MTRR) KiAmdK6InitializeMTRR();
/* Check if this is a buggy Pentium and apply the fixup if so */
if (KiI386PentiumLockErrataPresent) KiI386PentiumLockErrataFixup();
/* Check if the CPU supports FXSR */
if (KeFeatureBits & KF_FXSR)
{
/* Get the current thread NPX state */
FxSaveArea = KiGetThreadNpxArea(KeGetCurrentThread());
/* Clear initial MXCsr mask */
FxSaveArea->U.FxArea.MXCsrMask = 0;
/* Save the current NPX State */
Ke386SaveFpuState(FxSaveArea);
/* Check if the current mask doesn't match the reserved bits */
if (FxSaveArea->U.FxArea.MXCsrMask != 0)
{
/* Then use whatever it's holding */
MXCsrMask = FxSaveArea->U.FxArea.MXCsrMask;
}
/* Check if nobody set the kernel-wide mask */
if (!KiMXCsrMask)
{
/* Then use the one we calculated above */
KiMXCsrMask = MXCsrMask;
}
else
{
/* Was it set to the same value we found now? */
if (KiMXCsrMask != MXCsrMask)
{
/* No, something is definitely wrong */
KeBugCheckEx(MULTIPROCESSOR_CONFIGURATION_NOT_SUPPORTED,
KF_FXSR,
KiMXCsrMask,
MXCsrMask,
0);
}
}
/* Now set the kernel mask */
KiMXCsrMask &= MXCsrMask;
}
}
}
/* Return affinity back to where it was */
KeRevertToUserAffinityThread();
/* NT allows limiting the duration of an ISR with a registry key */
if (KiTimeLimitIsrMicroseconds)
{
/* FIXME: TODO */
DPRINT1("ISR Time Limit not yet supported\n");
}
/* Set CR0 features based on detected CPU */
KiSetCR0Bits();
}
CODE_SEG("INIT")
VOID
NTAPI
KiInitializePcr(IN ULONG ProcessorNumber,
IN PKIPCR Pcr,
IN PKIDTENTRY Idt,
IN PKGDTENTRY Gdt,
IN PKTSS Tss,
IN PKTHREAD IdleThread,
IN PVOID DpcStack)
{
/* Setup the TIB */
Pcr->NtTib.ExceptionList = EXCEPTION_CHAIN_END;
Pcr->NtTib.StackBase = 0;
Pcr->NtTib.StackLimit = 0;
Pcr->NtTib.Self = NULL;
/* Set the Current Thread */
Pcr->PrcbData.CurrentThread = IdleThread;
/* Set pointers to ourselves */
Pcr->SelfPcr = (PKPCR)Pcr;
Pcr->Prcb = &Pcr->PrcbData;
/* Set the PCR Version */
Pcr->MajorVersion = PCR_MAJOR_VERSION;
Pcr->MinorVersion = PCR_MINOR_VERSION;
/* Set the PCRB Version */
Pcr->PrcbData.MajorVersion = PRCB_MAJOR_VERSION;
Pcr->PrcbData.MinorVersion = PRCB_MINOR_VERSION;
/* Set the Build Type */
Pcr->PrcbData.BuildType = 0;
#ifndef CONFIG_SMP
Pcr->PrcbData.BuildType |= PRCB_BUILD_UNIPROCESSOR;
#endif
#if DBG
Pcr->PrcbData.BuildType |= PRCB_BUILD_DEBUG;
#endif
/* Set the Processor Number and current Processor Mask */
Pcr->PrcbData.Number = (UCHAR)ProcessorNumber;
Pcr->PrcbData.SetMember = 1 << ProcessorNumber;
/* Set the PRCB for this Processor */
KiProcessorBlock[ProcessorNumber] = Pcr->Prcb;
/* Start us out at PASSIVE_LEVEL */
Pcr->Irql = PASSIVE_LEVEL;
/* Set the GDI, IDT, TSS and DPC Stack */
Pcr->GDT = (PVOID)Gdt;
Pcr->IDT = Idt;
Pcr->TSS = Tss;
Pcr->TssCopy = Tss;
Pcr->PrcbData.DpcStack = DpcStack;
/* Setup the processor set */
Pcr->PrcbData.MultiThreadProcessorSet = Pcr->PrcbData.SetMember;
}
static
CODE_SEG("INIT")
VOID
KiVerifyCpuFeatures(PKPRCB Prcb)
{
CPU_INFO CpuInfo;
// 1. Check CPUID support
ULONG EFlags = __readeflags();
/* XOR out the ID bit and update EFlags */
ULONG NewEFlags = EFlags ^ EFLAGS_ID;
__writeeflags(NewEFlags);
/* Get them back and see if they were modified */
NewEFlags = __readeflags();
if (NewEFlags == EFlags)
{
/* The modification did not work, so CPUID is not supported. */
KeBugCheckEx(UNSUPPORTED_PROCESSOR, 0x1, 0, 0, 0);
}
else
{
/* CPUID is supported. Set the ID Bit again. */
EFlags |= EFLAGS_ID;
__writeeflags(EFlags);
}
/* Peform CPUID 0 to see if CPUID 1 is supported */
KiCpuId(&CpuInfo, 0);
if (CpuInfo.Eax == 0)
{
// 0x1 - missing CPUID instruction
KeBugCheckEx(UNSUPPORTED_PROCESSOR, 0x1, 0, 0, 0);
}
// 2. Detect and set the CPU Type
KiSetProcessorType();
if (Prcb->CpuType == 3)
KeBugCheckEx(UNSUPPORTED_PROCESSOR, 0x386, 0, 0, 0);
// 3. Finally, obtain CPU features.
ULONG FeatureBits = KiGetFeatureBits();
// 4. Verify it supports everything we need.
if (!(FeatureBits & KF_RDTSC))
{
// 0x2 - missing CPUID features
// second paramenter - edx flag which is missing
KeBugCheckEx(UNSUPPORTED_PROCESSOR, 0x2, 0x00000010, 0, 0);
}
if (!(FeatureBits & KF_CMPXCHG8B))
{
KeBugCheckEx(UNSUPPORTED_PROCESSOR, 0x2, 0x00000100, 0, 0);
}
// Check x87 FPU is present. FIXME: put this into FeatureBits?
KiCpuId(&CpuInfo, 1);
if (!(CpuInfo.Edx & 0x00000001))
{
KeBugCheckEx(UNSUPPORTED_PROCESSOR, 0x2, 0x00000001, 0, 0);
}
// Set up FPU-related CR0 flags.
ULONG Cr0 = __readcr0();
// Disable emulation and monitoring.
Cr0 &= ~(CR0_EM | CR0_MP);
// Enable FPU exceptions.
Cr0 |= CR0_NE;
__writecr0(Cr0);
// Check for Pentium FPU bug.
if (KiIsNpxErrataPresent())
{
KeBugCheckEx(UNSUPPORTED_PROCESSOR, 0x2, 0x00000001, 0, 0);
}
// 5. Save feature bits.
Prcb->FeatureBits = FeatureBits;
}
CODE_SEG("INIT")
VOID
NTAPI
KiInitializeKernel(IN PKPROCESS InitProcess,
IN PKTHREAD InitThread,
IN PVOID IdleStack,
IN PKPRCB Prcb,
IN CCHAR Number,
IN PLOADER_PARAMETER_BLOCK LoaderBlock)
{
ULONG PageDirectory[2];
PVOID DpcStack;
KIRQL DummyIrql;
/* Initialize the Power Management Support for this PRCB */
PoInitializePrcb(Prcb);
/* Set boot-level flags */
if (Number == 0)
KeFeatureBits = Prcb->FeatureBits;
/* Set the default NX policy (opt-in) */
SharedUserData->NXSupportPolicy = NX_SUPPORT_POLICY_OPTIN;
/* Check if NPX is always on */
if (strstr(KeLoaderBlock->LoadOptions, "NOEXECUTE=ALWAYSON"))
{
/* Set it always on */
SharedUserData->NXSupportPolicy = NX_SUPPORT_POLICY_ALWAYSON;
KeFeatureBits |= KF_NX_ENABLED;
}
else if (strstr(KeLoaderBlock->LoadOptions, "NOEXECUTE=OPTOUT"))
{
/* Set it in opt-out mode */
SharedUserData->NXSupportPolicy = NX_SUPPORT_POLICY_OPTOUT;
KeFeatureBits |= KF_NX_ENABLED;
}
else if ((strstr(KeLoaderBlock->LoadOptions, "NOEXECUTE=OPTIN")) ||
(strstr(KeLoaderBlock->LoadOptions, "NOEXECUTE")))
{
/* Set the feature bits */
KeFeatureBits |= KF_NX_ENABLED;
}
else if ((strstr(KeLoaderBlock->LoadOptions, "NOEXECUTE=ALWAYSOFF")) ||
(strstr(KeLoaderBlock->LoadOptions, "EXECUTE")))
{
/* Set disabled mode */
SharedUserData->NXSupportPolicy = NX_SUPPORT_POLICY_ALWAYSOFF;
KeFeatureBits |= KF_NX_DISABLED;
}
/* Save CPU state */
KiSaveProcessorControlState(&Prcb->ProcessorState);
/* Get cache line information for this CPU */
KiGetCacheInformation();
/* Initialize spinlocks and DPC data */
KiInitSpinLocks(Prcb, Number);
/* Check if this is the Boot CPU */
if (!Number)
{
/* Set Node Data */
KeNodeBlock[0] = &KiNode0;
Prcb->ParentNode = KeNodeBlock[0];
KeNodeBlock[0]->ProcessorMask = Prcb->SetMember;
/* Set boot-level flags */
KeI386CpuType = Prcb->CpuType;
KeI386CpuStep = Prcb->CpuStep;
KeProcessorArchitecture = PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_INTEL;
KeProcessorLevel = (USHORT)Prcb->CpuType;
if (Prcb->CpuID) KeProcessorRevision = Prcb->CpuStep;
KeI386FxsrPresent = (KeFeatureBits & KF_FXSR) ? TRUE : FALSE;
KeI386XMMIPresent = (KeFeatureBits & KF_XMMI) ? TRUE : FALSE;
/* Set the current MP Master KPRCB to the Boot PRCB */
Prcb->MultiThreadSetMaster = Prcb;
/* Lower to APC_LEVEL */
KeLowerIrql(APC_LEVEL);
/* Initialize some spinlocks */
KeInitializeSpinLock(&KiFreezeExecutionLock);
KeInitializeSpinLock(&Ki486CompatibilityLock);
/* Initialize portable parts of the OS */
KiInitSystem();
/* Initialize the Idle Process and the Process Listhead */
InitializeListHead(&KiProcessListHead);
PageDirectory[0] = 0;
PageDirectory[1] = 0;
KeInitializeProcess(InitProcess,
0,
0xFFFFFFFF,
PageDirectory,
FALSE);
InitProcess->QuantumReset = MAXCHAR;
}
else
{
/* FIXME */
DPRINT1("SMP Boot support not yet present\n");
}
/* Setup the Idle Thread */
KeInitializeThread(InitProcess,
InitThread,
NULL,
NULL,
NULL,
NULL,
NULL,
IdleStack);
InitThread->NextProcessor = Number;
InitThread->Priority = HIGH_PRIORITY;
InitThread->State = Running;
InitThread->Affinity = 1 << Number;
InitThread->WaitIrql = DISPATCH_LEVEL;
InitProcess->ActiveProcessors = 1 << Number;
/* HACK for MmUpdatePageDir */
((PETHREAD)InitThread)->ThreadsProcess = (PEPROCESS)InitProcess;
/* Set basic CPU Features that user mode can read */
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_FLOATING_POINT_PRECISION_ERRATA] = FALSE;
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_MMX_INSTRUCTIONS_AVAILABLE] =
(KeFeatureBits & KF_MMX) ? TRUE: FALSE;
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_COMPARE_EXCHANGE_DOUBLE] =
(KeFeatureBits & KF_CMPXCHG8B) ? TRUE: FALSE;
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_XMMI_INSTRUCTIONS_AVAILABLE] =
((KeFeatureBits & KF_FXSR) && (KeFeatureBits & KF_XMMI)) ? TRUE: FALSE;
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_XMMI64_INSTRUCTIONS_AVAILABLE] =
((KeFeatureBits & KF_FXSR) && (KeFeatureBits & KF_XMMI64)) ? TRUE: FALSE;
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_3DNOW_INSTRUCTIONS_AVAILABLE] =
(KeFeatureBits & KF_3DNOW) ? TRUE: FALSE;
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_RDTSC_INSTRUCTION_AVAILABLE] =
(KeFeatureBits & KF_RDTSC) ? TRUE: FALSE;
/* Set up the thread-related fields in the PRCB */
Prcb->CurrentThread = InitThread;
Prcb->NextThread = NULL;
Prcb->IdleThread = InitThread;
/* Initialize the Kernel Executive */
ExpInitializeExecutive(Number, LoaderBlock);
/* Only do this on the boot CPU */
if (!Number)
{
/* Calculate the time reciprocal */
KiTimeIncrementReciprocal =
KiComputeReciprocal(KeMaximumIncrement,
&KiTimeIncrementShiftCount);
/* Update DPC Values in case they got updated by the executive */
Prcb->MaximumDpcQueueDepth = KiMaximumDpcQueueDepth;
Prcb->MinimumDpcRate = KiMinimumDpcRate;
Prcb->AdjustDpcThreshold = KiAdjustDpcThreshold;
/* Allocate the DPC Stack */
DpcStack = MmCreateKernelStack(FALSE, 0);
if (!DpcStack) KeBugCheckEx(NO_PAGES_AVAILABLE, 1, 0, 0, 0);
Prcb->DpcStack = DpcStack;
/* Allocate the IOPM save area */
Ki386IopmSaveArea = ExAllocatePoolWithTag(PagedPool,
IOPM_SIZE,
TAG_KERNEL);
if (!Ki386IopmSaveArea)
{
/* Bugcheck. We need this for V86/VDM support. */
KeBugCheckEx(NO_PAGES_AVAILABLE, 2, IOPM_SIZE, 0, 0);
}
}
/* Raise to Dispatch */
KeRaiseIrql(DISPATCH_LEVEL, &DummyIrql);
/* Set the Idle Priority to 0. This will jump into Phase 1 */
KeSetPriorityThread(InitThread, 0);
/* If there's no thread scheduled, put this CPU in the Idle summary */
KiAcquirePrcbLock(Prcb);
if (!Prcb->NextThread) KiIdleSummary |= 1 << Number;
KiReleasePrcbLock(Prcb);
/* Raise back to HIGH_LEVEL and clear the PRCB for the loader block */
KeRaiseIrql(HIGH_LEVEL, &DummyIrql);
LoaderBlock->Prcb = 0;
}
CODE_SEG("INIT")
VOID
FASTCALL
KiGetMachineBootPointers(IN PKGDTENTRY *Gdt,
IN PKIDTENTRY *Idt,
IN PKIPCR *Pcr,
IN PKTSS *Tss)
{
KDESCRIPTOR GdtDescriptor, IdtDescriptor;
KGDTENTRY TssSelector, PcrSelector;
USHORT Tr, Fs;
/* Get GDT and IDT descriptors */
Ke386GetGlobalDescriptorTable(&GdtDescriptor.Limit);
__sidt(&IdtDescriptor.Limit);
/* Save IDT and GDT */
*Gdt = (PKGDTENTRY)GdtDescriptor.Base;
*Idt = (PKIDTENTRY)IdtDescriptor.Base;
/* Get TSS and FS Selectors */
Tr = Ke386GetTr();
Fs = Ke386GetFs();
/* Get PCR Selector, mask it and get its GDT Entry */
PcrSelector = *(PKGDTENTRY)((ULONG_PTR)*Gdt + (Fs & ~RPL_MASK));
/* Get the KPCR itself */
*Pcr = (PKIPCR)(ULONG_PTR)(PcrSelector.BaseLow |
PcrSelector.HighWord.Bytes.BaseMid << 16 |
PcrSelector.HighWord.Bytes.BaseHi << 24);
/* Get TSS Selector, mask it and get its GDT Entry */
TssSelector = *(PKGDTENTRY)((ULONG_PTR)*Gdt + (Tr & ~RPL_MASK));
/* Get the KTSS itself */
*Tss = (PKTSS)(ULONG_PTR)(TssSelector.BaseLow |
TssSelector.HighWord.Bytes.BaseMid << 16 |
TssSelector.HighWord.Bytes.BaseHi << 24);
}
CODE_SEG("INIT")
DECLSPEC_NORETURN
VOID
NTAPI
KiSystemStartupBootStack(VOID)
{
PKTHREAD Thread;
/* Initialize the kernel for the current CPU */
KiInitializeKernel(&KiInitialProcess.Pcb,
(PKTHREAD)KeLoaderBlock->Thread,
(PVOID)(KeLoaderBlock->KernelStack & ~3),
(PKPRCB)__readfsdword(KPCR_PRCB),
KeNumberProcessors - 1,
KeLoaderBlock);
/* Set the priority of this thread to 0 */
Thread = KeGetCurrentThread();
Thread->Priority = 0;
/* Force interrupts enabled and lower IRQL back to DISPATCH_LEVEL */
_enable();
KeLowerIrql(DISPATCH_LEVEL);
/* Set the right wait IRQL */
Thread->WaitIrql = DISPATCH_LEVEL;
/* Jump into the idle loop */
KiIdleLoop();
}
static
VOID
KiMarkPageAsReadOnly(
PVOID Address)
{
PHARDWARE_PTE PointerPte;
/* Make sure the address is page aligned */
ASSERT(ALIGN_DOWN_POINTER_BY(Address, PAGE_SIZE) == Address);
/* Get the PTE address */
PointerPte = ((PHARDWARE_PTE)PTE_BASE) + ((ULONG_PTR)Address / PAGE_SIZE);
ASSERT(PointerPte->Valid);
ASSERT(PointerPte->Write);
/* Set as read-only */
PointerPte->Write = 0;
/* Flush the TLB entry */
__invlpg(Address);
}
CODE_SEG("INIT")
DECLSPEC_NORETURN
VOID
NTAPI
KiSystemStartup(IN PLOADER_PARAMETER_BLOCK LoaderBlock)
{
ULONG Cpu;
PKTHREAD InitialThread;
ULONG InitialStack;
PKGDTENTRY Gdt;
PKIDTENTRY Idt;
KIDTENTRY NmiEntry, DoubleFaultEntry;
PKTSS Tss;
PKIPCR Pcr;
KIRQL DummyIrql;
/* Boot cycles timestamp */
BootCycles = __rdtsc();
/* Save the loader block and get the current CPU */
KeLoaderBlock = LoaderBlock;
Cpu = KeNumberProcessors;
if (!Cpu)
{
/* If this is the boot CPU, set FS and the CPU Number*/
Ke386SetFs(KGDT_R0_PCR);
__writefsdword(KPCR_PROCESSOR_NUMBER, Cpu);
/* Set the initial stack and idle thread as well */
LoaderBlock->KernelStack = (ULONG_PTR)P0BootStack;
LoaderBlock->Thread = (ULONG_PTR)&KiInitialThread;
}
/* Save the initial thread and stack */
InitialStack = LoaderBlock->KernelStack;
InitialThread = (PKTHREAD)LoaderBlock->Thread;
/* Clean the APC List Head */
InitializeListHead(&InitialThread->ApcState.ApcListHead[KernelMode]);
/* Initialize the machine type */
KiInitializeMachineType();
/* Skip initial setup if this isn't the Boot CPU */
if (Cpu) goto AppCpuInit;
/* Get GDT, IDT, PCR and TSS pointers */
KiGetMachineBootPointers(&Gdt, &Idt, &Pcr, &Tss);
/* Setup the TSS descriptors and entries */
Ki386InitializeTss(Tss, Idt, Gdt);
/* Initialize the PCR */
RtlZeroMemory(Pcr, PAGE_SIZE);
KiInitializePcr(Cpu,
Pcr,
Idt,
Gdt,
Tss,
InitialThread,
(PVOID)KiDoubleFaultStack);
/* Set us as the current process */
InitialThread->ApcState.Process = &KiInitialProcess.Pcb;
/* Clear DR6/7 to cleanup bootloader debugging */
__writefsdword(KPCR_TEB, 0);
__writefsdword(KPCR_DR6, 0);
__writefsdword(KPCR_DR7, 0);
/* Setup the IDT */
KeInitExceptions();
/* Load Ring 3 selectors for DS/ES */
Ke386SetDs(KGDT_R3_DATA | RPL_MASK);
Ke386SetEs(KGDT_R3_DATA | RPL_MASK);
/* Save NMI and double fault traps */
RtlCopyMemory(&NmiEntry, &Idt[2], sizeof(KIDTENTRY));
RtlCopyMemory(&DoubleFaultEntry, &Idt[8], sizeof(KIDTENTRY));
/* Copy kernel's trap handlers */
RtlCopyMemory(Idt,
(PVOID)KiIdtDescriptor.Base,
KiIdtDescriptor.Limit + 1);
/* Restore NMI and double fault */
RtlCopyMemory(&Idt[2], &NmiEntry, sizeof(KIDTENTRY));
RtlCopyMemory(&Idt[8], &DoubleFaultEntry, sizeof(KIDTENTRY));
AppCpuInit:
/* Loop until we can release the freeze lock */
do
{
/* Loop until execution can continue */
while (*(volatile PKSPIN_LOCK*)&KiFreezeExecutionLock == (PVOID)1);
} while(InterlockedBitTestAndSet((PLONG)&KiFreezeExecutionLock, 0));
/* Setup CPU-related fields */
__writefsdword(KPCR_NUMBER, Cpu);
__writefsdword(KPCR_SET_MEMBER, 1 << Cpu);
__writefsdword(KPCR_SET_MEMBER_COPY, 1 << Cpu);
__writefsdword(KPCR_PRCB_SET_MEMBER, 1 << Cpu);
KiVerifyCpuFeatures(Pcr->Prcb);
/* Initialize the Processor with HAL */
HalInitializeProcessor(Cpu, KeLoaderBlock);
/* Set active processors */
KeActiveProcessors |= __readfsdword(KPCR_SET_MEMBER);
KeNumberProcessors++;
/* Check if this is the boot CPU */
if (!Cpu)
{
/* Initialize debugging system */
KdInitSystem(0, KeLoaderBlock);
/* Check for break-in */
if (KdPollBreakIn()) DbgBreakPointWithStatus(DBG_STATUS_CONTROL_C);
/* Make the lowest page of the boot and double fault stack read-only */
KiMarkPageAsReadOnly(P0BootStackData);
KiMarkPageAsReadOnly(KiDoubleFaultStackData);
}
/* Raise to HIGH_LEVEL */
KeRaiseIrql(HIGH_LEVEL, &DummyIrql);
/* Switch to new kernel stack and start kernel bootstrapping */
KiSwitchToBootStack(InitialStack & ~3);
}
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