reactos/freeldr/bootsect/ext2.asm
Brian Palmer 273b6dd69f Fixed the EXT2/3 boot sector code so that it only uses the boot drive in the boot sector if it exists (i.e. not 0xff)
Otherwise it uses the boot drive passed in the DL register.
Updated the EXT2/3 installer to reflect the changes in the boot sector code for EXT2/3.

svn path=/trunk/; revision=4540
2003-04-15 22:48:06 +00:00

664 lines
21 KiB
NASM

; EXT2.ASM
; EXT2 Boot Sector
; Copyright (c) 2002, 2003 Brian Palmer
; [bp-0x04] Here we will store the number of sectors per track
; [bp-0x08] Here we will store the number of heads
; [bp-0x0c] Here we will store the size of the disk as the BIOS reports in CHS form
; [bp-0x10] Here we will store the number of LBA sectors read
SECTORS_PER_TRACK equ 0x04
NUMBER_OF_HEADS equ 0x08
BIOS_CHS_DRIVE_SIZE equ 0x0C
LBA_SECTORS_READ equ 0x10
EXT2_ROOT_INO equ 2
EXT2_S_IFMT equ 0f0h
EXT2_S_IFREG equ 080h
org 7c00h
segment .text
bits 16
start:
jmp short main
nop
BootDrive db 0x80
;BootPartition db 0 ; Moved to end of boot sector to have a standard format across all boot sectors
;SectorsPerTrack db 63 ; Moved to [bp-SECTORS_PER_TRACK]
;NumberOfHeads dw 16 ; Moved to [bp-NUMBER_OF_HEADS]
;BiosCHSDriveSize dd (1024 * 1024 * 63) ; Moved to [bp-BIOS_CHS_DRIVE_SIZE]
;LBASectorsRead dd 0 ; Moved to [bp-LBA_SECTORS_READ]
Ext2VolumeStartSector dd 263088 ; Start sector of the ext2 volume
Ext2BlockSize dd 2 ; Block size in sectors
Ext2BlockSizeInBytes dd 1024 ; Block size in bytes
Ext2PointersPerBlock dd 256 ; Number of block pointers that can be contained in one block
Ext2GroupDescPerBlock dd 32 ; Number of group descriptors per block
Ext2FirstDataBlock dd 1 ; First data block (1 for 1024-byte blocks, 0 for bigger sizes)
Ext2InodesPerGroup dd 2048 ; Number of inodes per group
Ext2InodesPerBlock dd 8 ; Number of inodes per block
Ext2ReadEntireFileLoadSegment:
dw 0
Ext2InodeIndirectPointer:
dd 0
Ext2InodeDoubleIndirectPointer:
dd 0
Ext2BlocksLeftToRead:
dd 0
main:
xor ax,ax ; Setup segment registers
mov ds,ax ; Make DS correct
mov es,ax ; Make ES correct
mov ss,ax ; Make SS correct
mov bp,7c00h
mov sp,7b00h ; Setup a stack
cmp BYTE [BYTE bp+BootDrive],BYTE 0xff ; If they have specified a boot drive then use it
jne GetDriveParameters
mov [BYTE bp+BootDrive],dl ; Save the boot drive
GetDriveParameters:
mov ah,08h
mov dl,[BYTE bp+BootDrive] ; Get boot drive in dl
int 13h ; Request drive parameters from the bios
jnc CalcDriveSize ; If the call succeeded then calculate the drive size
; If we get here then the call to the BIOS failed
; so just set CHS equal to the maximum addressable
; size
mov cx,0ffffh
mov dh,cl
CalcDriveSize:
; Now that we have the drive geometry
; lets calculate the drive size
mov bl,ch ; Put the low 8-bits of the cylinder count into BL
mov bh,cl ; Put the high 2-bits in BH
shr bh,6 ; Shift them into position, now BX contains the cylinder count
and cl,3fh ; Mask off cylinder bits from sector count
; CL now contains sectors per track and DH contains head count
movzx eax,dh ; Move the heads into EAX
movzx ebx,bx ; Move the cylinders into EBX
movzx ecx,cl ; Move the sectors per track into ECX
inc eax ; Make it one based because the bios returns it zero based
mov [BYTE bp-NUMBER_OF_HEADS],eax ; Save number of heads
mov [BYTE bp-SECTORS_PER_TRACK],ecx ; Save number of sectors per track
inc ebx ; Make the cylinder count one based also
mul ecx ; Multiply heads with the sectors per track, result in edx:eax
mul ebx ; Multiply the cylinders with (heads * sectors) [stored in edx:eax already]
; We now have the total number of sectors as reported
; by the bios in eax, so store it in our variable
mov [BYTE bp-BIOS_CHS_DRIVE_SIZE],eax
LoadExtraBootCode:
; First we have to load our extra boot code at
; sector 1 into memory at [0000:7e00h]
;mov eax,01h
xor eax,eax
inc eax ; Read logical sector 1, EAX now = 1
mov cx,1 ; Read one sector
mov bx,7e00h ; Read sector to [0000:7e00h]
call ReadSectors
jmp LoadRootDirectory
; Reads ext2 group descriptor into [7000:8000]
; We read it to this arbitrary location so
; it will not cross a 64k boundary
; EAX has group descriptor number to read
Ext2ReadGroupDesc:
shl eax,5 ; Group = (Group * sizeof(GROUP_DESCRIPTOR) /* 32 */)
xor edx,edx
div DWORD [BYTE bp+Ext2GroupDescPerBlock] ; Group = (Group / Ext2GroupDescPerBlock)
add eax,DWORD [BYTE bp+Ext2FirstDataBlock] ; Group = Group + Ext2FirstDataBlock + 1
inc eax ; EAX now has the group descriptor block number
; EDX now has the group descriptor offset in the block
; Adjust the read offset so that the
; group descriptor is read to 7000:8000
mov ebx,78000h
sub ebx,edx
shr ebx,4
mov es,bx
xor bx,bx
; Everything is now setup to call Ext2ReadBlock
; Instead of using the call instruction we will
; just put Ext2ReadBlock right after this routine
; Reads ext2 block into [ES:BX]
; EAX has logical block number to read
Ext2ReadBlock:
mov ecx,DWORD [BYTE bp+Ext2BlockSize]
mul ecx
jmp ReadSectors
; Reads ext2 inode into [6000:8000]
; We read it to this arbitrary location so
; it will not cross a 64k boundary
; EAX has inode number to read
Ext2ReadInode:
dec eax ; Inode = Inode - 1
xor edx,edx
div DWORD [BYTE bp+Ext2InodesPerGroup] ; Inode = (Inode / Ext2InodesPerGroup)
mov ebx,eax ; EBX now has the inode group number
mov eax,edx
xor edx,edx
div DWORD [BYTE bp+Ext2InodesPerBlock] ; Inode = (Inode / Ext2InodesPerBlock)
shl edx,7 ; FIXME: InodeOffset *= 128 (make the array index a byte offset)
; EAX now has the inode offset block number from inode table
; EDX now has the inode offset in the block
; Save the inode values and put the group
; descriptor number in EAX and read it in
push edx
push eax
mov eax,ebx
call Ext2ReadGroupDesc
; Group descriptor has been read, now
; grab the inode table block number from it
push WORD 7000h
pop es
mov di,8008h
pop eax ; Restore inode offset block number from stack
add eax,DWORD [es:di] ; Add the inode table start block
; Adjust the read offset so that the
; inode we want is read to 6000:8000
pop edx ; Restore inode offset in the block from stack
mov ebx,68000h
sub ebx,edx
shr ebx,4
mov es,bx
xor bx,bx
call Ext2ReadBlock
ret
; Reads logical sectors into [ES:BX]
; EAX has logical sector number to read
; CX has number of sectors to read
ReadSectors:
add eax,DWORD [BYTE bp+Ext2VolumeStartSector] ; Add the start of the volume
cmp eax,DWORD [BYTE bp-BIOS_CHS_DRIVE_SIZE] ; Check if they are reading a sector outside CHS range
jae ReadSectorsLBA ; Yes - go to the LBA routine
; If at all possible we want to use LBA routines because
; They are optimized to read more than 1 sector per read
pushad ; Save logical sector number & sector count
CheckInt13hExtensions: ; Now check if this computer supports extended reads
mov ah,0x41 ; AH = 41h
mov bx,0x55aa ; BX = 55AAh
mov dl,[BYTE bp+BootDrive] ; DL = drive (80h-FFh)
int 13h ; IBM/MS INT 13 Extensions - INSTALLATION CHECK
jc ReadSectorsCHS ; CF set on error (extensions not supported)
cmp bx,0xaa55 ; BX = AA55h if installed
jne ReadSectorsCHS
test cl,1 ; CX = API subset support bitmap
jz ReadSectorsCHS ; Bit 0, extended disk access functions (AH=42h-44h,47h,48h) supported
popad ; Restore sector count & logical sector number
ReadSectorsLBA:
pushad ; Save logical sector number & sector count
cmp cx,byte 64 ; Since the LBA calls only support 0x7F sectors at a time we will limit ourselves to 64
jbe ReadSectorsSetupDiskAddressPacket ; If we are reading less than 65 sectors then just do the read
mov cx,64 ; Otherwise read only 64 sectors on this loop iteration
ReadSectorsSetupDiskAddressPacket:
mov [BYTE bp-LBA_SECTORS_READ],cx
mov WORD [BYTE bp-LBA_SECTORS_READ+2],0
o32 push byte 0
push eax ; Put 64-bit logical block address on stack
push es ; Put transfer segment on stack
push bx ; Put transfer offset on stack
push cx ; Set transfer count
push byte 0x10 ; Set size of packet to 10h
mov si,sp ; Setup disk address packet on stack
mov dl,[BYTE bp+BootDrive] ; Drive number
mov ah,42h ; Int 13h, AH = 42h - Extended Read
int 13h ; Call BIOS
jc PrintDiskError ; If the read failed then abort
add sp,byte 0x10 ; Remove disk address packet from stack
popad ; Restore sector count & logical sector number
push bx
mov ebx,DWORD [BYTE bp-LBA_SECTORS_READ]
add eax,ebx ; Increment sector to read
shl ebx,5
mov dx,es
add dx,bx ; Setup read buffer for next sector
mov es,dx
pop bx
sub cx,[BYTE bp-LBA_SECTORS_READ]
jnz ReadSectorsLBA ; Read next sector
ret
; Reads logical sectors into [ES:BX]
; EAX has logical sector number to read
; CX has number of sectors to read
ReadSectorsCHS:
popad ; Get logical sector number & sector count off stack
ReadSectorsCHSLoop:
pushad
xor edx,edx
mov ecx,DWORD [BYTE bp-SECTORS_PER_TRACK]
div ecx ; Divide logical by SectorsPerTrack
inc dl ; Sectors numbering starts at 1 not 0
mov cl,dl ; Sector in CL
mov edx,eax
shr edx,16
div WORD [BYTE bp-NUMBER_OF_HEADS] ; Divide logical by number of heads
mov dh,dl ; Head in DH
mov dl,[BYTE bp+BootDrive] ; Drive number in DL
mov ch,al ; Cylinder in CX
ror ah,2 ; Low 8 bits of cylinder in CH, high 2 bits
; in CL shifted to bits 6 & 7
or cl,ah ; Or with sector number
mov ax,0201h
int 13h ; DISK - READ SECTORS INTO MEMORY
; AL = number of sectors to read, CH = track, CL = sector
; DH = head, DL = drive, ES:BX -> buffer to fill
; Return: CF set on error, AH = status (see AH=01h), AL = number of sectors read
jc PrintDiskError ; If the read failed then abort
popad
inc eax ; Increment Sector to Read
mov dx,es
add dx,byte 20h ; Increment read buffer for next sector
mov es,dx
loop ReadSectorsCHSLoop ; Read next sector
ret
; Displays a disk error message
; And reboots
PrintDiskError:
mov si,msgDiskError ; Bad boot disk message
call PutChars ; Display it
Reboot:
mov si,msgAnyKey ; Press any key message
call PutChars ; Display it
xor ax,ax
int 16h ; Wait for a keypress
int 19h ; Reboot
PutChars:
lodsb
or al,al
jz short Done
call PutCharsCallBios
jmp short PutChars
PutCharsCallBios:
mov ah,0eh
mov bx,07h
int 10h
retn
Done:
mov al,0dh
call PutCharsCallBios
mov al,0ah
call PutCharsCallBios
retn
msgDiskError db 'Disk error',0
; Sorry, need the space...
;msgAnyKey db 'Press any key to restart',0
msgAnyKey db 'Press any key',0
times 509-($-$$) db 0 ; Pad to 509 bytes
BootPartition db 0
dw 0aa55h ; BootSector signature
; End of bootsector
;
; Now starts the extra boot code that we will store
; at sector 1 on a EXT2 volume
LoadRootDirectory:
mov eax,EXT2_ROOT_INO ; Put the root directory inode number in EAX
call Ext2ReadInode ; Read in the inode
; Point ES:DI to the inode structure at 6000:8000
push WORD 6000h
pop es
mov di,8000h
push di
push es ; Save these for later
; Get root directory size from inode structure
mov eax,DWORD [es:di+4]
push eax
; Now that the inode has been read in load
; the root directory file data to 0000:8000
call Ext2ReadEntireFile
; Since the root directory was loaded to 0000:8000
; then add 8000h to the root directory's size
pop eax
mov edx,8000h ; Set EDX to the current offset in the root directory
add eax,edx ; Initially add 8000h to the size of the root directory
SearchRootDirectory:
push edx ; Save current offset in root directory
push eax ; Save the size of the root directory
; Now we have to convert the current offset
; in the root directory to a SEGMENT:OFFSET pair
mov eax,edx
xor edx,edx
mov ecx,16
div ecx ; Now AX:DX has segment & offset
mov es,ax
mov di,dx
push di ; Save the start of the directory entry
add di,byte 8 ; Add the offset to the filename
mov si,filename
mov cl,11
rep cmpsb ; Compare the file names
pop di
pop eax
pop edx
jz FoundFile
; Nope, didn't find it in this entry, keep looking
movzx ecx,WORD [es:di+4]
add edx,ecx
; Check to see if we have reached the
; end of the root directory
cmp edx,eax
jb SearchRootDirectory
jmp PrintFileNotFound
FoundFile:
mov eax,[es:di] ; Get inode number from directory entry
call Ext2ReadInode ; Read in the inode
; Point ES:DI to the inode structure at 6000:8000
pop es
pop di ; These were saved earlier
mov cx,[es:di] ; Get the file mode so we can make sure it's a regular file
and ch,EXT2_S_IFMT ; Mask off everything but the file type
cmp ch,EXT2_S_IFREG ; Make sure it's a regular file
je LoadFreeLoader
jmp PrintRegFileError
LoadFreeLoader:
mov si,msgLoading ; "Loading FreeLoader..." message
call PutChars ; Display it
call Ext2ReadEntireFile ; Read freeldr.sys to 0000:8000
mov dl,[BYTE bp+BootDrive]
mov dh,[BYTE bp+BootPartition]
push byte 0 ; We loaded at 0000:8000
push WORD 8000h ; We will do a far return to 0000:8000h
retf ; Transfer control to FreeLoader
; Reads ext2 file data into [0000:8000]
; This function assumes that the file's
; inode has been read in to 6000:8000 *and*
; ES:DI points to 6000:8000
; This will load all the blocks up to
; and including the double-indirect pointers.
; This should be sufficient because it
; allows for ~64MB which is much bigger
; than we need for a boot loader.
Ext2ReadEntireFile:
; Reset the load segment
mov WORD [BYTE bp+Ext2ReadEntireFileLoadSegment],800h
; Now we must calculate how
; many blocks to read in
; We will do this by rounding the
; file size up to the next block
; size and then dividing by the block size
mov eax,DWORD [BYTE bp+Ext2BlockSizeInBytes] ; Get the block size in bytes
push eax
dec eax ; Ext2BlockSizeInBytes -= 1
add eax,DWORD [es:di+4] ; Add the file size
xor edx,edx
pop ecx ; Divide by the block size in bytes
div ecx ; EAX now contains the number of blocks to load
push eax
; Make sure the file size isn't zero
cmp eax,byte 0
jnz Ext2ReadEntireFile2
jmp PrintFileSizeError
Ext2ReadEntireFile2:
; Save the indirect & double indirect pointers
mov edx,DWORD [es:di+0x58] ; Get indirect pointer
mov [BYTE bp+Ext2InodeIndirectPointer],edx ; Save indirect pointer
mov edx,DWORD [es:di+0x5c] ; Get double indirect pointer
mov [BYTE bp+Ext2InodeDoubleIndirectPointer],edx ; Save double indirect pointer
; Now copy the direct pointers to 7000:0000
; so that we can call Ext2ReadDirectBlocks
push ds ; Save DS
push es
push WORD 7000h
pop es
pop ds
mov si,8028h
xor di,di ; DS:SI = 6000:8028 ES:DI = 7000:0000
mov cx,24 ; Moving 24 words of data
rep movsw
pop ds ; Restore DS
; Now we have all the block pointers in the
; right location so read them in
pop eax ; Restore the total number of blocks in this file
xor ecx,ecx ; Set the max count of blocks to read to 12
mov cl,12 ; which is the number of direct block pointers in the inode
call Ext2ReadDirectBlockList
; Check to see if we actually have
; blocks left to read
cmp eax,byte 0
jz Ext2ReadEntireFileDone
; Now we have read all the direct blocks in
; the inode. So now we have to read the indirect
; block and read all it's direct blocks
push eax ; Save the total block count
mov eax,DWORD [BYTE bp+Ext2InodeIndirectPointer] ; Get the indirect block pointer
push WORD 7000h
pop es
xor bx,bx ; Set the load address to 7000:0000
call Ext2ReadBlock ; Read the block
; Now we have all the block pointers from the
; indirect block in the right location so read them in
pop eax ; Restore the total block count
mov ecx,DWORD [BYTE bp+Ext2PointersPerBlock] ; Get the number of block pointers that one block contains
call Ext2ReadDirectBlockList
; Check to see if we actually have
; blocks left to read
cmp eax,byte 0
jz Ext2ReadEntireFileDone
; Now we have read all the direct blocks from
; the inode's indirect block pointer. So now
; we have to read the double indirect block
; and read all it's indirect blocks
; (whew, it's a good thing I don't support triple indirect blocks)
mov [BYTE bp+Ext2BlocksLeftToRead],eax ; Save the total block count
mov eax,DWORD [BYTE bp+Ext2InodeDoubleIndirectPointer] ; Get the double indirect block pointer
push WORD 7800h
pop es
push es ; Save an extra copy of this value on the stack
xor bx,bx ; Set the load address to 7000:8000
call Ext2ReadBlock ; Read the block
pop es ; Put 7800h into ES (saved on the stack already)
xor di,di
Ext2ReadIndirectBlock:
mov eax,DWORD [es:di] ; Get indirect block pointer
add di,BYTE 4 ; Update DI for next array index
push es
push di
push WORD 7000h
pop es
xor bx,bx ; Set the load address to 7000:0000
call Ext2ReadBlock ; Read the indirect block
; Now we have all the block pointers from the
; indirect block in the right location so read them in
mov eax,DWORD [BYTE bp+Ext2BlocksLeftToRead] ; Restore the total block count
mov ecx,DWORD [BYTE bp+Ext2PointersPerBlock] ; Get the number of block pointers that one block contains
call Ext2ReadDirectBlockList
mov [BYTE bp+Ext2BlocksLeftToRead],eax ; Save the total block count
pop di
pop es
; Check to see if we actually have
; blocks left to read
cmp eax,byte 0
jnz Ext2ReadIndirectBlock
Ext2ReadEntireFileDone:
ret
; Reads a maximum number of blocks
; from an array at 7000:0000
; and updates the total count
; ECX contains the max number of blocks to read
; EAX contains the number of blocks left to read
; On return:
; EAX contians the new number of blocks left to read
Ext2ReadDirectBlockList:
cmp eax,ecx ; Compare it to the maximum number of blocks to read
ja CallExt2ReadDirectBlocks ; If it will take more blocks then just read all of the blocks
mov cx,ax ; Otherwise adjust the block count accordingly
CallExt2ReadDirectBlocks:
sub eax,ecx ; Subtract the number of blocks being read from the total count
push eax ; Save the new total count
call Ext2ReadDirectBlocks
pop eax ; Restore the total count
ret
; Reads a specified number of blocks
; from an array at 7000:0000
; CX contains the number of blocks to read
Ext2ReadDirectBlocks:
push WORD 7000h
pop es
xor di,di ; Set ES:DI = 7000:0000
Ext2ReadDirectBlocksLoop:
mov eax,[es:di] ; Get direct block pointer from array
add di,BYTE 4 ; Update DI for next array index
push cx ; Save number of direct blocks left
push es ; Save array segment
push di ; Save array offset
mov es,[BYTE bp+Ext2ReadEntireFileLoadSegment]
xor bx,bx ; Setup load address for next read
call Ext2ReadBlock ; Read the block (this updates ES for the next read)
mov [BYTE bp+Ext2ReadEntireFileLoadSegment],es ; Save updated ES
pop di ; Restore the array offset
pop es ; Restore the array segment
pop cx ; Restore the number of blocks left
loop Ext2ReadDirectBlocksLoop
; At this point all the direct blocks should
; be loaded and ES (Ext2ReadEntireFileLoadSegment)
; should be ready for the next read.
ret
; Displays a file not found error message
; And reboots
PrintFileNotFound:
mov si,msgFreeLdr ; FreeLdr not found message
jmp short DisplayItAndReboot
; Displays a file size is 0 error
; And reboots
PrintFileSizeError:
mov si,msgFileSize ; Error message
jmp short DisplayItAndReboot
; Displays a file is not a regular file error
; And reboots
PrintRegFileError:
mov si,msgRegFile ; Error message
DisplayItAndReboot:
call PutChars ; Display it
jmp Reboot
msgFreeLdr db 'freeldr.sys not found',0
msgFileSize db 'File size is 0',0
msgRegFile db 'freeldr.sys isnt a regular file',0
filename db 'freeldr.sys'
msgLoading db 'Loading FreeLoader...',0
times 1022-($-$$) db 0 ; Pad to 1022 bytes
dw 0aa55h ; BootSector signature