mirror of
https://github.com/reactos/reactos.git
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3662f1f720
New .ini file format (sort of) - changed some parameter names, etc. More efficient .ini file parsing code More efficient use of memory, smaller image file Total rewrite of file system code (the old stuff sucked) VFAT Long File Names now supported! ReactOS is the only boot type supported currently, disabled all others (temporarily) svn path=/trunk/; revision=2372
518 lines
15 KiB
NASM
518 lines
15 KiB
NASM
; FAT.ASM
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; FAT12/16 Boot Sector
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; Copyright (c) 1998, 2001 Brian Palmer
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; This is a FAT12/16 file system boot sector
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; that searches the entire root directory
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; for the file freeldr.sys and loads it into
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; memory.
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;
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; The stack is set to 0000:7C00 so that the first
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; DWORD pushed will be placed at 0000:7BFC
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;
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; When it locates freeldr.sys on the disk it will
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; load the first sector of the file to 0000:7E00
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; With the help of this sector we should be able
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; to load the entire file off the disk, no matter
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; how fragmented it is.
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;
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; We load the entire FAT table into memory at
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; 7000:0000. This improves the speed of floppy disk
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; boots dramatically.
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org 7c00h
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segment .text
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bits 16
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start:
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jmp short main
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nop
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OEMName db 'FrLdr1.0'
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BytesPerSector dw 512
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SectsPerCluster db 1
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ReservedSectors dw 1
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NumberOfFats db 2
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MaxRootEntries dw 224
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TotalSectors dw 2880
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MediaDescriptor db 0f0h
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SectorsPerFat dw 9
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SectorsPerTrack dw 18
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NumberOfHeads dw 2
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HiddenSectors dd 0
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TotalSectorsBig dd 0
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BootDrive db 0
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Reserved db 0
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ExtendSig db 29h
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SerialNumber dd 00000000h
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VolumeLabel db 'NO NAME '
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FileSystem db 'FAT12 '
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main:
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cli
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cld
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xor ax,ax
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mov ss,ax
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mov bp,7c00h
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mov sp,bp ; Setup a stack
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mov ax,cs ; Setup segment registers
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mov ds,ax ; Make DS correct
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mov es,ax ; Make ES correct
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sti ; Enable ints now
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mov [BYTE bp+BootDrive],dl ; Save the boot drive
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xor ax,ax ; Zero out AX
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; Reset disk controller
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int 13h
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jnc Continue1
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jmp BadBoot ; Reset failed...
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Continue1:
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; Now we must find our way to the first sector of the root directory
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xor ax,ax
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xor dx,dx
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mov al,[BYTE bp+NumberOfFats] ; Number of fats
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mul WORD [BYTE bp+SectorsPerFat] ; Times sectors per fat
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add ax,WORD [BYTE bp+HiddenSectors]
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adc dx,WORD [BYTE bp+HiddenSectors+2] ; Add the number of hidden sectors
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add ax,WORD [BYTE bp+ReservedSectors] ; Add the number of reserved sectors
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adc dx,byte 0 ; Add carry bit
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push ax ; Store it on the stack
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push dx ; Save 32-bit logical start sector
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push ax
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push dx ; Save it for later use also
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; DX:AX now has the number of the starting sector of the root directory
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; Now calculate the size of the root directory
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mov ax,0020h ; Size of dir entry
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mul WORD [BYTE bp+MaxRootEntries] ; Times the number of entries
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mov bx,[BYTE bp+BytesPerSector]
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add ax,bx
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dec ax
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div bx ; Divided by the size of a sector
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; AX now has the number of root directory sectors
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xchg ax,cx ; Now CX has number of sectors
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pop dx
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pop ax ; Restore logical sector start
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push cx ; Save number of root dir sectors for later use
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mov bx,7c0h ; We will load the root directory
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add bx,byte 20h ; Right after the boot sector in memory
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mov es,bx
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xor bx,bx ; We will load it to [0000:7e00h]
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call ReadSectors ; Read the sectors
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; Now we have to find our way through the root directory to
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; The OSLOADER.SYS file
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mov bx,[BYTE bp+MaxRootEntries]; Search entire root directory
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mov ax,7e0h ; We loaded at 07e0:0000
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mov es,ax
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xor di,di
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mov si,filename
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mov cx,11
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rep cmpsb ; Compare filenames
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jz FoundFile ; If same we found it
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dec bx
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jnz FindFile
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jmp ErrBoot
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FindFile:
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mov ax,es ; We didn't find it in the previous dir entry
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add ax,byte 2 ; So lets move to the next one
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mov es,ax ; And search again
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xor di,di
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mov si,filename
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mov cx,11
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rep cmpsb ; Compare filenames
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jz FoundFile ; If same we found it
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dec bx ; Keep searching till we run out of dir entries
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jnz FindFile ; Last entry?
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jmp ErrBoot
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FoundFile:
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; We found freeldr.sys on the disk
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; so we need to load the first 512
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; bytes of it to 0000:7E00
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xor di,di ; ES:DI has dir entry
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xor dx,dx
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mov ax,WORD [es:di+1ah]; Get start cluster
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dec ax ; Adjust start cluster by 2
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dec ax ; Because the data area starts on cluster 2
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xor ch,ch
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mov cl,BYTE [BYTE bp+SectsPerCluster] ; Times sectors per cluster
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mul cx
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pop cx ; Get number of sectors for root dir
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add ax,cx ; Add it to the start sector of freeldr.sys
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adc dx,byte 0
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pop cx ; Get logical start sector of
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pop bx ; Root directory
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add ax,bx ; Now we have DX:AX with the logical start
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adc dx,cx ; Sector of OSLOADER.SYS
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mov cx,1 ; We will load 1 sector
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push WORD [es:di+1ah] ; Save start cluster
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mov bx,7e0h
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mov es,bx
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xor bx,bx
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call ReadSectors ; Load it
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pop ax ; Restore start cluster
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jmp LoadFile
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; Reads logical sectors into [ES:BX]
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; DX:AX has logical sector number to read
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; CX has number of sectors to read
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; CarryFlag set on error
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ReadSectors:
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push ax
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push dx
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push cx
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xchg ax,cx
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xchg ax,dx
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xor dx,dx
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div WORD [BYTE bp+SectorsPerTrack]
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xchg ax,cx
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div WORD [BYTE bp+SectorsPerTrack] ; Divide logical by SectorsPerTrack
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inc dx ; Sectors numbering starts at 1 not 0
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xchg cx,dx
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div WORD [BYTE bp+NumberOfHeads] ; Number of heads
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mov dh,dl ; Head to DH, drive to DL
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mov dl,[BYTE bp+BootDrive] ; Drive number
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mov ch,al ; Cylinder in CX
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ror ah,1 ; Low 8 bits of cylinder in CH, high 2 bits
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ror ah,1 ; in CL shifted to bits 6 & 7
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or cl,ah ; Or with sector number
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mov ax,0201h
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int 13h ; DISK - READ SECTORS INTO MEMORY
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; AL = number of sectors to read, CH = track, CL = sector
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; DH = head, DL = drive, ES:BX -> buffer to fill
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; Return: CF set on error, AH = status (see AH=01h), AL = number of sectors read
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jc BadBoot
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pop cx
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pop dx
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pop ax
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inc ax ;Increment Sector to Read
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jnz NoCarry
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inc dx
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NoCarry:
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push bx
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mov bx,es
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add bx,byte 20h
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mov es,bx
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pop bx
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; Increment read buffer for next sector
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loop ReadSectors ; Read next sector
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ret
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; Displays a bad boot message
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; And reboots
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BadBoot:
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mov si,msgDiskError ; Bad boot disk message
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call PutChars ; Display it
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mov si,msgAnyKey ; Press any key message
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call PutChars ; Display it
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jmp Reboot
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; Displays an error message
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; And reboots
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ErrBoot:
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mov si,msgFreeLdr ; FreeLdr not found message
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call PutChars ; Display it
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mov si,msgAnyKey ; Press any key message
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call PutChars ; Display it
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Reboot:
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xor ax,ax
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int 16h ; Wait for a keypress
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int 19h ; Reboot
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PutChars:
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lodsb
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or al,al
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jz short Done
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mov ah,0eh
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mov bx,07h
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int 10h
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jmp short PutChars
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Done:
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retn
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msgDiskError db 'Disk error',0dh,0ah,0
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msgFreeLdr db 'FREELDR.SYS not found',0dh,0ah,0
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msgAnyKey db 'Press any key to restart',0dh,0ah,0
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filename db 'FREELDR SYS'
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times 510-($-$$) db 0 ; Pad to 510 bytes
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dw 0aa55h ; BootSector signature
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; End of bootsector
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;
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; Now starts the extra boot code that we will store
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; in the first 512 bytes of freeldr.sys
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LoadFile:
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push ax ; First save AX - the start cluster of freeldr.sys
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; Lets save the contents of the screen
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; from B800:0000 to 9000:8000
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push ds
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mov ax,0b800h
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mov ds,ax
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xor si,si
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mov ax,9800h
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mov es,ax
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xor di,di
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mov cx,2000 ; Copy 2000 characters [words] (screen is 80x25)
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rep movsw ; 2 bytes a character (one is the attribute byte)
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pop ds
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mov ah,03h ; AH = 03h
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xor bx,bx ; BH = video page
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int 10h ; BIOS Int 10h Func 3 - Read Cursor Position and Size
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mov [es:di],dx ; DH = row, DL = column
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; Display "Loading FreeLoader..." message
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mov si,msgLoading ; Loading message
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call PutChars ; Display it
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pop ax ; Restore AX
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; AX has start cluster of freeldr.sys
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push ax
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call ReadFatIntoMemory
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pop ax
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mov bx,7e0h
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mov es,bx
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LoadFile2:
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push ax
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call IsFat12
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pop ax
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jnc LoadFile3
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cmp ax,0ff8h ; Check to see if this is the last cluster in the chain
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jmp LoadFile4
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LoadFile3:
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cmp ax,0fff8h
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LoadFile4:
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jae LoadFile_Done ; If so continue, if not then read then next one
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push ax
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xor bx,bx ; Load ROSLDR starting at 0000:8000h
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push es
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call ReadCluster
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pop es
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xor bx,bx
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mov bl,BYTE [BYTE bp+SectsPerCluster]
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shl bx,5 ; BX = BX * 512 / 16
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mov ax,es ; Increment the load address by
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add ax,bx ; The size of a cluster
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mov es,ax
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call IsFat12
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pop ax
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push es
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jnc LoadFile5
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call GetFatEntry12 ; Get the next entry
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jmp LoadFile6
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LoadFile5:
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call GetFatEntry16
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LoadFile6:
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pop es
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jmp LoadFile2 ; Load the next cluster (if any)
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LoadFile_Done:
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mov dl,BYTE [BYTE bp+BootDrive]
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xor ax,ax
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push ax
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mov ax,8000h
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push ax ; We will do a far return to 0000:8000h
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retf ; Transfer control to ROSLDR
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; Reads the entire FAT into memory at 7000:0000
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ReadFatIntoMemory:
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mov ax,WORD [BYTE bp+HiddenSectors]
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mov dx,WORD [BYTE bp+HiddenSectors+2]
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add ax,WORD [BYTE bp+ReservedSectors]
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adc dx,byte 0
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mov cx,WORD [BYTE bp+SectorsPerFat]
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mov bx,7000h
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mov es,bx
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xor bx,bx
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call ReadSectors
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ret
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; Returns the FAT entry for a given cluster number for 16-bit FAT
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; On entry AX has cluster number
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; On return AX has FAT entry for that cluster
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GetFatEntry16:
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xor dx,dx
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mov cx,2 ; AX = AX * 2 (since FAT16 entries are 2 bytes)
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mul cx
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shl dx,0fh
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mov bx,7000h
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add bx,dx
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mov es,bx
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mov bx,ax ; Restore FAT entry offset
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mov ax,WORD [es:bx] ; Get FAT entry
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ret
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; Returns the FAT entry for a given cluster number for 12-bit FAT
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; On entry AX has cluster number
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; On return AX has FAT entry for that cluster
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GetFatEntry12:
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push ax
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mov cx,ax
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shr ax,1
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add ax,cx ; AX = AX * 1.5 (AX = AX + (AX / 2)) (since FAT12 entries are 12 bits)
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mov bx,7000h
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mov es,bx
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mov bx,ax ; Put FAT entry offset into BX
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mov ax,WORD [es:bx] ; Get FAT entry
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pop cx ; Get cluster number from stack
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and cx,1
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jz UseLow12Bits
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and ax,0fff0h
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shr ax,4
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jmp GetFatEntry12_Done
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UseLow12Bits:
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and ax,0fffh
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GetFatEntry12_Done:
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ret
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; Reads cluster number in AX into [ES:0000]
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ReadCluster:
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; StartSector = ((Cluster - 2) * SectorsPerCluster) + + ReservedSectors + HiddenSectors;
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dec ax
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dec ax
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xor dx,dx
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movzx bx,BYTE [BYTE bp+SectsPerCluster]
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mul bx
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push ax
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push dx
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; Now calculate the size of the root directory
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mov ax,0020h ; Size of dir entry
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mul WORD [BYTE bp+MaxRootEntries] ; Times the number of entries
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mov bx,WORD [BYTE bp+BytesPerSector]
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add ax,bx
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dec ax
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div bx ; Divided by the size of a sector
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mov cx,ax
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; CX now has the number of root directory sectors
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xor dx,dx
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movzx ax,BYTE [BYTE bp+NumberOfFats]
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mul WORD [BYTE bp+SectorsPerFat]
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add ax,WORD [BYTE bp+ReservedSectors]
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adc dx,byte 0
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add ax,WORD [BYTE bp+HiddenSectors]
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adc dx,WORD [BYTE bp+HiddenSectors+2]
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add ax,cx
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adc dx,byte 0
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pop cx
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pop bx
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add ax,bx
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adc dx,cx
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xor bx,bx ; We will load it to [ES:0000], ES loaded before function call
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movzx cx,BYTE [BYTE bp+SectsPerCluster]
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call ReadSectors
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ret
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; Returns CF = 1 if this is a FAT12 file system
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; Otherwise CF = 0 for FAT16
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IsFat12:
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; Now calculate the size of the root directory
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mov ax,0020h ; Size of dir entry
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mul WORD [BYTE bp+MaxRootEntries] ; Times the number of entries
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mov bx,WORD [BYTE bp+BytesPerSector]
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add ax,bx ; Plus (BytesPerSector - 1)
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dec ax
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div bx ; Divided by the size of a sector
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; AX now has the number of root directory sectors
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mov bx,ax
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; Now we must find our way to the first sector of the root directory
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xor ax,ax
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xor dx,dx
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mov al,BYTE [BYTE bp+NumberOfFats] ; Number of fats
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mul WORD [BYTE bp+SectorsPerFat] ; Times sectors per fat
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add ax,WORD [BYTE bp+HiddenSectors]
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adc dx,WORD [BYTE bp+HiddenSectors+2] ; Add the number of hidden sectors
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add ax,[BYTE bp+ReservedSectors] ; Add the number of reserved sectors
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adc dx,byte 0 ; Add carry bit
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add ax,bx
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adc dx,byte 0 ; Add carry bit
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; DX:AX now has the number of the starting sector of the data area
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xor cx,cx
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mov bx,WORD [BYTE bp+TotalSectors]
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cmp bx,byte 0
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jnz IsFat12_2
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mov bx,WORD [BYTE bp+TotalSectorsBig]
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mov cx,WORD [BYTE bp+TotalSectorsBig+2]
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; CX:BX now contains the number of sectors on the volume
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IsFat12_2:
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sub bx,ax ; Subtract data area start sector
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sub cx,dx ; from total sectors of volume
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mov ax,bx
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mov dx,cx
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; DX:AX now contains the number of data sectors on the volume
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movzx bx,BYTE [BYTE bp+SectsPerCluster]
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div bx
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; AX now has the number of clusters on the volume
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stc
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cmp ax,4085
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jb IsFat12_Done
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clc
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IsFat12_Done:
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ret
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times 998-($-$$) db 0 ; Pad to 998 bytes
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msgLoading db 'Loading FreeLoader...',0dh,0ah,0
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dw 0aa55h ; BootSector signature
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