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reactos/ntoskrnl/ke/amd64/kiinit.c
Timo Kreuzer b8e50f787d [NTOS:KE/x64] On syscalls clear nested task flag 
When this flag is not cleared and the system returns with an IRET, this causes a #GP. Randomly hit by the umkm:SystemCall test.
2024-04-27 15:12:40 +02:00

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/*
* PROJECT: ReactOS Kernel
* LICENSE: GPL - See COPYING in the top level directory
* FILE: ntoskrnl/ke/amd64/kiinit.c
* PURPOSE: Kernel Initialization for x86 CPUs
* PROGRAMMERS: Alex Ionescu (alex.ionescu@reactos.org)
* Timo Kreuzer (timo.kreuzer@reactos.org)
*/
/* INCLUDES *****************************************************************/
#include <ntoskrnl.h>
#define NDEBUG
#include <debug.h>
#define REQUIRED_FEATURE_BITS (KF_RDTSC|KF_CR4|KF_CMPXCHG8B|KF_XMMI|KF_XMMI64| \
KF_LARGE_PAGE|KF_FAST_SYSCALL|KF_GLOBAL_PAGE| \
KF_CMOV|KF_PAT|KF_MMX|KF_FXSR|KF_NX_BIT|KF_MTRR)
/* GLOBALS *******************************************************************/
/* Function pointer for early debug prints */
ULONG (*FrLdrDbgPrint)(const char *Format, ...);
/* Spinlocks used only on X86 */
KSPIN_LOCK KiFreezeExecutionLock;
KIPCR KiInitialPcr;
/* Boot and double-fault/NMI/DPC stack */
UCHAR DECLSPEC_ALIGN(16) KiP0BootStackData[KERNEL_STACK_SIZE] = {0};
UCHAR DECLSPEC_ALIGN(16) KiP0DoubleFaultStackData[KERNEL_STACK_SIZE] = {0};
PVOID KiP0BootStack = &KiP0BootStackData[KERNEL_STACK_SIZE];
PVOID KiP0DoubleFaultStack = &KiP0DoubleFaultStackData[KERNEL_STACK_SIZE];
ULONGLONG BootCycles, BootCyclesEnd;
void KiInitializeSegments();
void KiSystemCallEntry64();
void KiSystemCallEntry32();
/* FUNCTIONS *****************************************************************/
CODE_SEG("INIT")
VOID
NTAPI
KiInitMachineDependent(VOID)
{
/* Check for large page support */
if (KeFeatureBits & KF_LARGE_PAGE)
{
/* FIXME: Support this */
DPRINT("Large Page support detected but not yet taken advantage of!\n");
}
/* Check for global page support */
if (KeFeatureBits & KF_GLOBAL_PAGE)
{
/* FIXME: Support this */
DPRINT("Global Page support detected but not yet taken advantage of!\n");
}
/* Check if we have MTRR */
if (KeFeatureBits & KF_MTRR)
{
/* FIXME: Support this */
DPRINT("MTRR support detected but not yet taken advantage of!\n");
}
/* Check for PAT and/or MTRR support */
if (KeFeatureBits & KF_PAT)
{
/* FIXME: Support this */
DPRINT("PAT support detected but not yet taken advantage of!\n");
}
// /* Allocate the IOPM save area */
// Ki386IopmSaveArea = ExAllocatePoolWithTag(PagedPool,
// IOPM_SIZE,
// ' eK');
// if (!Ki386IopmSaveArea)
// {
// /* Bugcheck. We need this for V86/VDM support. */
// KeBugCheckEx(NO_PAGES_AVAILABLE, 2, IOPM_SIZE, 0, 0);
// }
}
static
VOID
KiInitializePcr(
_Out_ PKIPCR Pcr,
_In_ ULONG ProcessorNumber,
_In_ PKGDTENTRY64 GdtBase,
_In_ PKIDTENTRY64 IdtBase,
_In_ PKTSS64 TssBase,
_In_ PKTHREAD IdleThread,
_In_ PVOID DpcStack)
{
/* Zero out the PCR */
RtlZeroMemory(Pcr, sizeof(KIPCR));
/* Set pointers to ourselves */
Pcr->Self = (PKPCR)Pcr;
Pcr->CurrentPrcb = &Pcr->Prcb;
/* Set the PCR Version */
Pcr->MajorVersion = PCR_MAJOR_VERSION;
Pcr->MinorVersion = PCR_MINOR_VERSION;
/* Set the PRCB Version */
Pcr->Prcb.MajorVersion = PRCB_MAJOR_VERSION;
Pcr->Prcb.MinorVersion = PRCB_MINOR_VERSION;
/* Set the Build Type */
Pcr->Prcb.BuildType = 0;
#ifndef CONFIG_SMP
Pcr->Prcb.BuildType |= PRCB_BUILD_UNIPROCESSOR;
#endif
#if DBG
Pcr->Prcb.BuildType |= PRCB_BUILD_DEBUG;
#endif
/* Set the Processor Number and current Processor Mask */
Pcr->Prcb.Number = (UCHAR)ProcessorNumber;
Pcr->Prcb.SetMember = 1ULL << ProcessorNumber;
/* Set GDT and IDT base */
Pcr->GdtBase = GdtBase;
Pcr->IdtBase = IdtBase;
/* Set TssBase */
Pcr->TssBase = TssBase;
Pcr->Prcb.RspBase = Pcr->TssBase->Rsp0; // FIXME
/* Set DPC Stack */
Pcr->Prcb.DpcStack = DpcStack;
/* Setup the processor set */
Pcr->Prcb.MultiThreadProcessorSet = Pcr->Prcb.SetMember;
/* Clear DR6/7 to cleanup bootloader debugging */
Pcr->Prcb.ProcessorState.SpecialRegisters.KernelDr6 = 0;
Pcr->Prcb.ProcessorState.SpecialRegisters.KernelDr7 = 0;
/* Initialize MXCSR (all exceptions masked) */
Pcr->Prcb.MxCsr = INITIAL_MXCSR;
/* Set the Current Thread */
Pcr->Prcb.CurrentThread = IdleThread;
/* Start us out at PASSIVE_LEVEL */
Pcr->Irql = PASSIVE_LEVEL;
}
VOID
NTAPI
KiInitializeCpu(PKIPCR Pcr)
{
ULONG64 Pat;
ULONG64 FeatureBits;
/* Initialize gs */
KiInitializeSegments();
/* Set GS base */
__writemsr(MSR_GS_BASE, (ULONG64)Pcr);
__writemsr(MSR_GS_SWAP, (ULONG64)Pcr);
/* Detect and set the CPU Type */
KiSetProcessorType();
/* Get the processor features for this CPU */
FeatureBits = KiGetFeatureBits();
/* Check if we support all needed features */
if ((FeatureBits & REQUIRED_FEATURE_BITS) != REQUIRED_FEATURE_BITS)
{
/* If not, bugcheck system */
FrLdrDbgPrint("CPU doesn't have needed features! Has: 0x%x, required: 0x%x\n",
FeatureBits, REQUIRED_FEATURE_BITS);
KeBugCheck(0);
}
/* Set DEP to always on */
SharedUserData->NXSupportPolicy = NX_SUPPORT_POLICY_ALWAYSON;
FeatureBits |= KF_NX_ENABLED;
/* Save feature bits */
Pcr->Prcb.FeatureBits = (ULONG)FeatureBits;
Pcr->Prcb.FeatureBitsHigh = FeatureBits >> 32;
/* Enable fx save restore support */
__writecr4(__readcr4() | CR4_FXSR);
/* Enable XMMI exceptions */
__writecr4(__readcr4() | CR4_XMMEXCPT);
/* Enable Write-Protection */
__writecr0(__readcr0() | CR0_WP);
/* Disable fpu monitoring */
__writecr0(__readcr0() & ~CR0_MP);
/* Disable x87 fpu exceptions */
__writecr0(__readcr0() & ~CR0_NE);
/* LDT is unused */
__lldt(0);
/* Set the systemcall entry points */
__writemsr(MSR_LSTAR, (ULONG64)KiSystemCallEntry64);
__writemsr(MSR_CSTAR, (ULONG64)KiSystemCallEntry32);
__writemsr(MSR_STAR, ((ULONG64)KGDT64_R0_CODE << 32) |
((ULONG64)(KGDT64_R3_CMCODE|RPL_MASK) << 48));
/* Set the flags to be cleared when doing a syscall */
__writemsr(MSR_SYSCALL_MASK, EFLAGS_IF_MASK | EFLAGS_TF | EFLAGS_DF | EFLAGS_NESTED_TASK);
/* Enable syscall instruction and no-execute support */
__writemsr(MSR_EFER, __readmsr(MSR_EFER) | MSR_SCE | MSR_NXE);
/* Initialize the PAT */
Pat = (PAT_WB << 0) | (PAT_WC << 8) | (PAT_UCM << 16) | (PAT_UC << 24) |
(PAT_WB << 32) | (PAT_WC << 40) | (PAT_UCM << 48) | (PAT_UC << 56);
__writemsr(MSR_PAT, Pat);
/* Initialize MXCSR */
_mm_setcsr(INITIAL_MXCSR);
KeSetCurrentIrql(PASSIVE_LEVEL);
}
static
VOID
KiInitializeTss(
_In_ PKIPCR Pcr,
_Out_ PKTSS64 Tss,
_In_ PVOID InitialStack,
_In_ PVOID DoubleFaultStack,
_In_ PVOID NmiStack)
{
PKGDTENTRY64 TssEntry;
/* Get pointer to the GDT entry */
TssEntry = KiGetGdtEntry(Pcr->GdtBase, KGDT64_SYS_TSS);
/* Initialize the GDT entry */
KiInitGdtEntry(TssEntry, (ULONG64)Tss, sizeof(KTSS64), AMD64_TSS, 0);
/* Zero out the TSS */
RtlZeroMemory(Tss, sizeof(KTSS64));
/* FIXME: I/O Map? */
Tss->IoMapBase = 0x68;
/* Setup ring 0 stack pointer */
Tss->Rsp0 = (ULONG64)InitialStack;
/* Setup a stack for Double Fault Traps */
Tss->Ist[1] = (ULONG64)DoubleFaultStack;
/* Setup a stack for CheckAbort Traps */
Tss->Ist[2] = (ULONG64)DoubleFaultStack;
/* Setup a stack for NMI Traps */
Tss->Ist[3] = (ULONG64)NmiStack;
}
CODE_SEG("INIT")
VOID
KiInitializeProcessorBootStructures(
_In_ ULONG ProcessorNumber,
_Out_ PKIPCR Pcr,
_In_ PKGDTENTRY64 GdtBase,
_In_ PKIDTENTRY64 IdtBase,
_In_ PKTSS64 TssBase,
_In_ PKTHREAD IdleThread,
_In_ PVOID KernelStack,
_In_ PVOID DpcStack,
_In_ PVOID DoubleFaultStack,
_In_ PVOID NmiStack)
{
/* Initialize the PCR */
KiInitializePcr(Pcr,
ProcessorNumber,
GdtBase,
IdtBase,
TssBase,
IdleThread,
DpcStack);
/* Setup the TSS descriptor and entries */
KiInitializeTss(Pcr,
TssBase,
KernelStack,
DoubleFaultStack,
NmiStack);
}
CODE_SEG("INIT")
static
VOID
KiInitializeP0BootStructures(
_Inout_ PLOADER_PARAMETER_BLOCK LoaderBlock)
{
KDESCRIPTOR GdtDescriptor = {{0},0,0}, IdtDescriptor = {{0},0,0};
PKGDTENTRY64 TssEntry;
PKTSS64 TssBase;
/* Set the initial stack, idle thread and process for processor 0 */
LoaderBlock->KernelStack = (ULONG_PTR)KiP0BootStack;
LoaderBlock->Thread = (ULONG_PTR)&KiInitialThread;
LoaderBlock->Process = (ULONG_PTR)&KiInitialProcess.Pcb;
LoaderBlock->Prcb = (ULONG_PTR)&KiInitialPcr.Prcb;
/* Get GDT and IDT descriptors */
__sgdt(&GdtDescriptor.Limit);
__sidt(&IdtDescriptor.Limit);
/* Get the boot TSS from the GDT */
TssEntry = KiGetGdtEntry(GdtDescriptor.Base, KGDT64_SYS_TSS);
TssBase = KiGetGdtDescriptorBase(TssEntry);
/* Initialize PCR and TSS */
KiInitializeProcessorBootStructures(0,
&KiInitialPcr,
GdtDescriptor.Base,
IdtDescriptor.Base,
TssBase,
&KiInitialThread.Tcb,
KiP0BootStack,
KiP0DoubleFaultStack,
KiP0DoubleFaultStack,
KiP0DoubleFaultStack);
}
CODE_SEG("INIT")
VOID
NTAPI
KiInitializeKernelMachineDependent(
IN PKPRCB Prcb,
IN PLOADER_PARAMETER_BLOCK LoaderBlock)
{
ULONG64 FeatureBits;
/* Set boot-level flags */
KeI386CpuType = Prcb->CpuType;
KeI386CpuStep = Prcb->CpuStep;
KeProcessorArchitecture = PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_AMD64;
KeProcessorLevel = (USHORT)Prcb->CpuType;
if (Prcb->CpuID)
KeProcessorRevision = Prcb->CpuStep;
FeatureBits = Prcb->FeatureBits | (ULONG64)Prcb->FeatureBitsHigh << 32;
/* Set basic CPU Features that user mode can read */
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_FLOATING_POINT_PRECISION_ERRATA] = FALSE;
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_FLOATING_POINT_EMULATED] = FALSE;
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_COMPARE_EXCHANGE_DOUBLE] = TRUE;
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_MMX_INSTRUCTIONS_AVAILABLE] =
(FeatureBits & KF_MMX) ? TRUE : FALSE;
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_XMMI_INSTRUCTIONS_AVAILABLE] =
((FeatureBits & KF_FXSR) && (FeatureBits & KF_XMMI)) ? TRUE : FALSE;
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_3DNOW_INSTRUCTIONS_AVAILABLE] =
(FeatureBits & KF_3DNOW) ? TRUE : FALSE;
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_RDTSC_INSTRUCTION_AVAILABLE] = TRUE;
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_PAE_ENABLED] = TRUE; // ???
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_XMMI64_INSTRUCTIONS_AVAILABLE] =
((FeatureBits & KF_FXSR) && (FeatureBits & KF_XMMI64)) ? TRUE : FALSE;
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_SSE_DAZ_MODE_AVAILABLE] = FALSE; // ???
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_NX_ENABLED] = TRUE;
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_SSE3_INSTRUCTIONS_AVAILABLE] =
(FeatureBits & KF_SSE3) ? TRUE : FALSE;
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_COMPARE_EXCHANGE128] =
(FeatureBits & KF_CMPXCHG16B) ? TRUE : FALSE;
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_COMPARE64_EXCHANGE128] = FALSE; // ???
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_CHANNELS_ENABLED] = FALSE; // ???
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_XSAVE_ENABLED] = FALSE; // FIXME
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_SECOND_LEVEL_ADDRESS_TRANSLATION] =
(FeatureBits & KF_SLAT) ? TRUE : FALSE;
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_VIRT_FIRMWARE_ENABLED] =
(FeatureBits & KF_VIRT_FIRMWARE_ENABLED) ? TRUE : FALSE;
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_RDWRFSGSBASE_AVAILABLE] =
(FeatureBits & KF_RDWRFSGSBASE) ? TRUE : FALSE;
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_FASTFAIL_AVAILABLE] = TRUE;
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_RDRAND_INSTRUCTION_AVAILABLE] =
(FeatureBits & KF_RDRAND) ? TRUE : FALSE;
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_RDTSCP_INSTRUCTION_AVAILABLE] =
(FeatureBits & KF_RDTSCP) ? TRUE : FALSE;
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_RDPID_INSTRUCTION_AVAILABLE] = FALSE; // ???
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_SSSE3_INSTRUCTIONS_AVAILABLE] =
(FeatureBits & KF_SSSE3) ? TRUE : FALSE;
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_SSE4_1_INSTRUCTIONS_AVAILABLE] =
(FeatureBits & KF_SSE4_1) ? TRUE : FALSE;
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_SSE4_2_INSTRUCTIONS_AVAILABLE] =
(FeatureBits & KF_SSE4_2) ? TRUE : FALSE;
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_AVX_INSTRUCTIONS_AVAILABLE] = FALSE; // FIXME
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_AVX2_INSTRUCTIONS_AVAILABLE] = FALSE; // FIXME
SharedUserData->ProcessorFeatures[PF_AVX512F_INSTRUCTIONS_AVAILABLE] = FALSE; // FIXME
/* Set the default NX policy (opt-in) */
SharedUserData->NXSupportPolicy = NX_SUPPORT_POLICY_OPTIN;
/* Check if NPX is always on */
if (strstr(KeLoaderBlock->LoadOptions, "NOEXECUTE=ALWAYSON"))
{
/* Set it always on */
SharedUserData->NXSupportPolicy = NX_SUPPORT_POLICY_ALWAYSON;
Prcb->FeatureBits |= KF_NX_ENABLED;
}
else if (strstr(KeLoaderBlock->LoadOptions, "NOEXECUTE=OPTOUT"))
{
/* Set it in opt-out mode */
SharedUserData->NXSupportPolicy = NX_SUPPORT_POLICY_OPTOUT;
Prcb->FeatureBits |= KF_NX_ENABLED;
}
else if ((strstr(KeLoaderBlock->LoadOptions, "NOEXECUTE=OPTIN")) ||
(strstr(KeLoaderBlock->LoadOptions, "NOEXECUTE")))
{
/* Set the feature bits */
Prcb->FeatureBits |= KF_NX_ENABLED;
}
else if ((strstr(KeLoaderBlock->LoadOptions, "NOEXECUTE=ALWAYSOFF")) ||
(strstr(KeLoaderBlock->LoadOptions, "EXECUTE")))
{
/* Set disabled mode */
SharedUserData->NXSupportPolicy = NX_SUPPORT_POLICY_ALWAYSOFF;
Prcb->FeatureBits |= KF_NX_DISABLED;
}
#if DBG
/* Print applied kernel features/policies and boot CPU features */
KiReportCpuFeatures(Prcb);
#endif
}
static LDR_DATA_TABLE_ENTRY LdrCoreEntries[3];
void
KiInitModuleList(IN PLOADER_PARAMETER_BLOCK LoaderBlock)
{
PLDR_DATA_TABLE_ENTRY LdrEntry;
PLIST_ENTRY Entry;
ULONG i;
/* Initialize the list head */
InitializeListHead(&PsLoadedModuleList);
/* Loop the first 3 entries */
for (Entry = LoaderBlock->LoadOrderListHead.Flink, i = 0;
Entry != &LoaderBlock->LoadOrderListHead && i < 3;
Entry = Entry->Flink, i++)
{
/* Get the data table entry */
LdrEntry = CONTAINING_RECORD(Entry,
LDR_DATA_TABLE_ENTRY,
InLoadOrderLinks);
/* Copy the entry */
LdrCoreEntries[i] = *LdrEntry;
/* Insert the copy into the list */
InsertTailList(&PsLoadedModuleList, &LdrCoreEntries[i].InLoadOrderLinks);
}
}
CODE_SEG("INIT")
DECLSPEC_NORETURN
VOID
NTAPI
KiSystemStartup(IN PLOADER_PARAMETER_BLOCK LoaderBlock)
{
CCHAR Cpu;
PKTHREAD InitialThread;
ULONG64 InitialStack;
PKIPCR Pcr;
/* Boot cycles timestamp */
BootCycles = __rdtsc();
/* HACK */
FrLdrDbgPrint = LoaderBlock->u.I386.CommonDataArea;
//FrLdrDbgPrint("Hello from KiSystemStartup!!!\n");
/* Get the current CPU number */
Cpu = KeNumberProcessors++; // FIXME
/* LoaderBlock initialization for Cpu 0 */
if (Cpu == 0)
{
/* Save the loader block */
KeLoaderBlock = LoaderBlock;
/* Prepare LoaderBlock, PCR, TSS with the P0 boot data */
KiInitializeP0BootStructures(LoaderBlock);
}
/* Get Pcr from loader block */
Pcr = CONTAINING_RECORD(LoaderBlock->Prcb, KIPCR, Prcb);
/* Set the PRCB for this Processor */
KiProcessorBlock[Cpu] = &Pcr->Prcb;
/* Align stack to 16 bytes */
LoaderBlock->KernelStack &= ~(16 - 1);
/* Save the initial thread and stack */
InitialStack = LoaderBlock->KernelStack; // Checkme
InitialThread = (PKTHREAD)LoaderBlock->Thread;
/* Set us as the current process */
InitialThread->ApcState.Process = (PVOID)LoaderBlock->Process;
/* Initialize the CPU features */
KiInitializeCpu(Pcr);
/* Initial setup for the boot CPU */
if (Cpu == 0)
{
/* Initialize the module list (ntos, hal, kdcom) */
KiInitModuleList(LoaderBlock);
/* Setup the IDT */
KeInitExceptions();
/* Initialize debugging system */
KdInitSystem(0, KeLoaderBlock);
/* Check for break-in */
if (KdPollBreakIn()) DbgBreakPointWithStatus(DBG_STATUS_CONTROL_C);
}
DPRINT1("Pcr = %p, Gdt = %p, Idt = %p, Tss = %p\n",
Pcr, Pcr->GdtBase, Pcr->IdtBase, Pcr->TssBase);
/* Acquire lock */
while (InterlockedBitTestAndSet64((PLONG64)&KiFreezeExecutionLock, 0))
{
/* Loop until lock is free */
while ((*(volatile KSPIN_LOCK*)&KiFreezeExecutionLock) & 1);
}
/* Initialize the Processor with HAL */
HalInitializeProcessor(Cpu, KeLoaderBlock);
/* Set processor as active */
KeActiveProcessors |= 1ULL << Cpu;
/* Release lock */
InterlockedAnd64((PLONG64)&KiFreezeExecutionLock, 0);
/* Raise to HIGH_LEVEL */
KfRaiseIrql(HIGH_LEVEL);
/* Machine specific kernel initialization */
if (Cpu == 0) KiInitializeKernelMachineDependent(&Pcr->Prcb, LoaderBlock);
/* Switch to new kernel stack and start kernel bootstrapping */
KiSwitchToBootStack(InitialStack & ~3);
}
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