[NTFS] - Begin to implement B-Trees. Allow for creating several new files in a directory.

NtfsAddFilenameToDirectory() - Add CaseSensitive parameter. Update to use new B-Tree code: First, the index is read and converted to a B-Tree in memory. Next, a key for the new file is inserted into the tree. Finally, the tree is converted back to an index root attribute which is written to disk.
+btree.c - Includes functions related to B-Trees (AKA B*Trees).
ntfs.h - Added several structures for representing B-Trees in memory.
Known limitations: For simplicity, only trees with a depth of one are currently supported (i.e. an ordered list of filenames). Directories that have or will require an index allocation to store all their filenames are still TODO. As a consequence, the user will only be able to create about 6 files in a directory.

svn path=/branches/GSoC_2016/NTFS/; revision=75223

drivers/filesystems/ntfs/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 
 list(APPEND SOURCE
     attrib.c
+    btree.c
     blockdev.c
     cleanup.c
     close.c

drivers/filesystems/ntfs/attrib.c

@@ -1566,6 +1566,12 @@ GetStandardInformationFromRecord(PDEVICE_EXTENSION Vcb,
     return NULL;
 }
 
+ULONG GetFileNameAttributeLength(PFILENAME_ATTRIBUTE FileNameAttribute)
+{
+    ULONG Length = FIELD_OFFSET(FILENAME_ATTRIBUTE, Name) + (FileNameAttribute->NameLength * sizeof(WCHAR));
+    return Length;
+}
+
 PFILENAME_ATTRIBUTE
 GetBestFileNameFromRecord(PDEVICE_EXTENSION Vcb,
                           PFILE_RECORD_HEADER FileRecord)

drivers/filesystems/ntfs/btree.c

@@ -0,0 +1,520 @@
+/*
+*  ReactOS kernel
+*  Copyright (C) 2002, 2017 ReactOS Team
+*
+*  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+*  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+*  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+*  (at your option) any later version.
+*
+*  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*  GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+*  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+*  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+*  Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
+*
+* COPYRIGHT:        See COPYING in the top level directory
+* PROJECT:          ReactOS kernel
+* FILE:             drivers/filesystem/ntfs/btree.c
+* PURPOSE:          NTFS filesystem driver
+* PROGRAMMERS:      Trevor Thompson
+*/
+
+/* INCLUDES *****************************************************************/
+
+#include "ntfs.h"
+
+#define NDEBUG
+#include <debug.h>
+
+/* FUNCTIONS ****************************************************************/
+
+/**
+* @name CompareTreeKeys
+* @implemented
+*
+* Compare two B_TREE_KEY's to determine their order in the tree.
+*
+* @param Key1
+* Pointer to a B_TREE_KEY that will be compared.
+*
+* @param Key2
+* Pointer to the other B_TREE_KEY that will be compared.
+*
+* @param CaseSensitive
+* Boolean indicating if the function should operate in case-sensitive mode. This will be TRUE
+* if an application created the file with the FILE_FLAG_POSIX_SEMANTICS flag.
+*
+* @returns
+* 0 if the two keys are equal.
+* < 0 if key1 is less thank key2
+* > 0 if key1 is greater than key2
+*
+* @remarks
+* Any other key is always less than the final (dummy) key in a node.
+*/
+LONG
+CompareTreeKeys(PB_TREE_KEY Key1, PB_TREE_KEY Key2, BOOLEAN CaseSensitive)
+{
+    UNICODE_STRING Key1Name, Key2Name;
+
+    // If Key2 is the "dummy key", key 1 will always come first
+    if (Key2->NextKey == NULL)
+        return -1;
+
+    // If Key1 is the "dummy key", key 2 will always come first
+    if (Key1->NextKey == NULL)
+        return 1;
+
+    Key1Name.Buffer = Key1->IndexEntry->FileName.Name;
+    Key1Name.Length = Key1Name.MaximumLength
+        = Key1->IndexEntry->FileName.NameLength * sizeof(WCHAR);
+
+    Key2Name.Buffer = Key2->IndexEntry->FileName.Name;
+    Key2Name.Length = Key2Name.MaximumLength
+        = Key2->IndexEntry->FileName.NameLength * sizeof(WCHAR);
+
+    return RtlCompareUnicodeString(&Key1Name, &Key2Name, !CaseSensitive);
+}
+
+/**
+* @name CreateBTreeFromIndex
+* @implemented
+*
+* Parse an index and create a B-Tree in memory from it.
+*
+* @param IndexRootContext
+* Pointer to an NTFS_ATTR_CONTEXT that describes the location of the index root attribute.
+*
+* @param NewTree
+* Pointer to a PB_TREE that will receive the pointer to a newly-created B-Tree.
+*
+* @returns
+* STATUS_SUCCESS on success.
+* STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES if an allocation fails.
+* 
+* @remarks
+* Allocates memory for the entire tree. Caller is responsible for destroying the tree with DestroyBTree().
+*/
+NTSTATUS
+CreateBTreeFromIndex(PNTFS_ATTR_CONTEXT IndexRootContext,
+                     PINDEX_ROOT_ATTRIBUTE IndexRoot,
+                     PB_TREE *NewTree)
+{
+    PINDEX_ENTRY_ATTRIBUTE CurrentNodeEntry;
+    PB_TREE Tree = ExAllocatePoolWithTag(NonPagedPool, sizeof(B_TREE), TAG_NTFS);
+    PB_TREE_FILENAME_NODE RootNode = ExAllocatePoolWithTag(NonPagedPool, sizeof(B_TREE_FILENAME_NODE), TAG_NTFS);
+    PB_TREE_KEY CurrentKey = ExAllocatePoolWithTag(NonPagedPool, sizeof(B_TREE_KEY), TAG_NTFS);
+
+    DPRINT1("CreateBTreeFromIndex(%p, %p, %p)\n", IndexRootContext, IndexRoot, NewTree);
+
+    if (!Tree || !RootNode || !CurrentKey)
+    {
+        DPRINT1("Couldn't allocate enough memory for B-Tree!\n");
+        if (Tree)
+            ExFreePoolWithTag(Tree, TAG_NTFS);
+        if (CurrentKey)
+            ExFreePoolWithTag(CurrentKey, TAG_NTFS);
+        if (RootNode)
+            ExFreePoolWithTag(RootNode, TAG_NTFS);
+        return STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES;
+    }
+
+    RtlZeroMemory(Tree, sizeof(B_TREE));
+    RtlZeroMemory(RootNode, sizeof(B_TREE_FILENAME_NODE));
+    RtlZeroMemory(CurrentKey, sizeof(B_TREE_KEY));
+
+    // Setup the Tree
+    RootNode->FirstKey = CurrentKey;
+    Tree->RootNode = RootNode;
+
+    // Create a key for each entry in the node
+    CurrentNodeEntry = (PINDEX_ENTRY_ATTRIBUTE)((ULONG_PTR)IndexRoot
+                                                + FIELD_OFFSET(INDEX_ROOT_ATTRIBUTE, Header)
+                                                + IndexRoot->Header.FirstEntryOffset);
+    while (TRUE)
+    {
+        // Allocate memory for the current entry
+        CurrentKey->IndexEntry = ExAllocatePoolWithTag(NonPagedPool, CurrentNodeEntry->Length, TAG_NTFS);
+        if (!CurrentKey->IndexEntry)
+        {
+            DPRINT1("ERROR: Couldn't allocate memory for next key!\n");
+            DestroyBTree(Tree);
+            return STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES;
+        }
+
+        RootNode->KeyCount++;
+
+        // If this isn't the last entry
+        if (!(CurrentNodeEntry->Flags & NTFS_INDEX_ENTRY_END))
+        {
+            // Create the next key
+            PB_TREE_KEY NextKey = ExAllocatePoolWithTag(NonPagedPool, sizeof(PB_TREE_KEY), TAG_NTFS);
+            if (!NextKey)
+            {
+                DPRINT1("ERROR: Couldn't allocate memory for next key!\n");
+                DestroyBTree(Tree);
+                return STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES;
+            }
+
+            RtlZeroMemory(NextKey, sizeof(PB_TREE_KEY));
+
+            // Add NextKey to the end of the list
+            CurrentKey->NextKey = NextKey;
+
+            // Copy the current entry to its key
+            RtlCopyMemory(CurrentKey->IndexEntry, CurrentNodeEntry, CurrentNodeEntry->Length);
+
+            // Make sure this B-Tree is only one level deep (flat list)
+            if (CurrentKey->IndexEntry->Flags & NTFS_INDEX_ENTRY_NODE)
+            {
+                DPRINT1("TODO: Only directories with single-level B-Trees are supported right now!\n");
+                DestroyBTree(Tree);
+                return STATUS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+            }
+
+            // Advance to the next entry
+            CurrentNodeEntry = (PINDEX_ENTRY_ATTRIBUTE)((ULONG_PTR)CurrentNodeEntry + CurrentNodeEntry->Length);
+            CurrentKey = NextKey;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            // Copy the final entry to its key
+            RtlCopyMemory(CurrentKey->IndexEntry, CurrentNodeEntry, CurrentNodeEntry->Length);
+            CurrentKey->NextKey = NULL;
+
+            // Make sure this B-Tree is only one level deep (flat list)
+            if (CurrentKey->IndexEntry->Flags & NTFS_INDEX_ENTRY_NODE)
+            {
+                DPRINT1("TODO: Only directories with single-level B-Trees are supported right now!\n");
+                DestroyBTree(Tree);
+                return STATUS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+            }
+
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    *NewTree = Tree;
+
+    return STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+/**
+* @name CreateIndexRootFromBTree
+* @implemented
+*
+* Parse a B-Tree in memory and convert it into an index that can be written to disk.
+*
+* @param DeviceExt
+* Pointer to the DEVICE_EXTENSION of the target drive.
+*
+* @param Tree
+* Pointer to a B_TREE that describes the index to be written.
+*
+* @param MaxIndexSize
+* Describes how large the index can be before it will take too much space in the file record.
+* After reaching MaxIndexSize, an index can no longer be represented with just an index root
+* attribute, and will require an index allocation and $I30 bitmap (TODO).
+*
+* @param IndexRoot
+* Pointer to a PINDEX_ROOT_ATTRIBUTE that will receive a pointer to the newly-created index.
+*
+* @param Length
+* Pointer to a ULONG which will receive the length of the new index root.
+*
+* @returns
+* STATUS_SUCCESS on success.
+* STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES if an allocation fails.
+* STATUS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED if the new index can't fit within MaxIndexSize.
+* 
+* @remarks
+* If the function succeeds, it's the caller's responsibility to free IndexRoot with ExFreePoolWithTag().
+*/
+NTSTATUS
+CreateIndexRootFromBTree(PDEVICE_EXTENSION DeviceExt,
+                         PB_TREE Tree,
+                         ULONG MaxIndexSize,
+                         PINDEX_ROOT_ATTRIBUTE *IndexRoot,
+                         ULONG *Length)
+{
+    PINDEX_ENTRY_ATTRIBUTE CurrentNodeEntry;
+    PINDEX_ROOT_ATTRIBUTE NewIndexRoot = ExAllocatePoolWithTag(NonPagedPool,
+                                                               DeviceExt->NtfsInfo.BytesPerFileRecord,
+                                                               TAG_NTFS);
+
+    DPRINT1("CreateIndexRootFromBTree(%p, %p, 0x%lx, %p, %p)\n", DeviceExt, Tree, MaxIndexSize, IndexRoot, Length);
+
+    if (!NewIndexRoot)
+    {
+        DPRINT1("Failed to allocate memory for Index Root!\n");
+        return STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES;
+    }
+
+    // Setup the new index root
+    RtlZeroMemory(NewIndexRoot, DeviceExt->NtfsInfo.BytesPerFileRecord);
+
+    NewIndexRoot->AttributeType = AttributeFileName;
+    NewIndexRoot->CollationRule = COLLATION_FILE_NAME;
+    NewIndexRoot->SizeOfEntry = DeviceExt->NtfsInfo.BytesPerIndexRecord;
+    // If Bytes per index record is less than cluster size, clusters per index record becomes sectors per index
+    if (NewIndexRoot->SizeOfEntry < DeviceExt->NtfsInfo.BytesPerCluster)
+        NewIndexRoot->ClustersPerIndexRecord = NewIndexRoot->SizeOfEntry / DeviceExt->NtfsInfo.BytesPerSector;
+    else
+        NewIndexRoot->ClustersPerIndexRecord = NewIndexRoot->SizeOfEntry / DeviceExt->NtfsInfo.BytesPerCluster;
+
+    // Setup the Index node header
+    NewIndexRoot->Header.FirstEntryOffset = sizeof(INDEX_HEADER_ATTRIBUTE);
+    NewIndexRoot->Header.Flags = INDEX_ROOT_SMALL;
+
+    // Start summing the total size of this node's entries
+    NewIndexRoot->Header.TotalSizeOfEntries = NewIndexRoot->Header.FirstEntryOffset;
+
+    // Setup each Node Entry
+    PB_TREE_KEY CurrentKey = Tree->RootNode->FirstKey;
+    CurrentNodeEntry = (PINDEX_ENTRY_ATTRIBUTE)((ULONG_PTR)NewIndexRoot 
+                                                + FIELD_OFFSET(INDEX_ROOT_ATTRIBUTE, Header)
+                                                + NewIndexRoot->Header.FirstEntryOffset);
+    for (int i = 0; i < Tree->RootNode->KeyCount; i++)
+    {
+        // Would adding the current entry to the index increase the index size beyond the limit we've set?
+        ULONG IndexSize = FIELD_OFFSET(INDEX_ROOT_ATTRIBUTE, Header)
+                          + NewIndexRoot->Header.FirstEntryOffset
+                          + NewIndexRoot->Header.TotalSizeOfEntries
+                          + CurrentNodeEntry->Length;
+        if (IndexSize > MaxIndexSize)
+        {
+            DPRINT1("TODO: Adding file would require creating an index allocation!\n");
+            ExFreePoolWithTag(NewIndexRoot, TAG_NTFS);
+            return STATUS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+        }
+
+        // Copy the index entry
+        if (CurrentKey->IndexEntry->Length > 0)
+            RtlCopyMemory(CurrentNodeEntry, CurrentKey->IndexEntry, CurrentKey->IndexEntry->Length);
+        else
+            DPRINT1("DRIVER ERROR: CurrentKey->IndexEntry->Length <= 0 !\n");
+
+        DPRINT1("Index Node Entry Stream Length: %u\nIndex Node Entry Length: %u\n",
+                CurrentNodeEntry->KeyLength,
+                CurrentNodeEntry->Length);
+
+        // Add Length of Current Entry to Total Size of Entries
+        NewIndexRoot->Header.TotalSizeOfEntries += CurrentNodeEntry->Length;
+
+        // Go to the next node
+        CurrentNodeEntry = (PINDEX_ENTRY_ATTRIBUTE)((ULONG_PTR)CurrentNodeEntry + CurrentNodeEntry->Length);
+
+        CurrentKey = CurrentKey->NextKey;
+    }
+
+    NewIndexRoot->Header.AllocatedSize = NewIndexRoot->Header.TotalSizeOfEntries;
+
+    *IndexRoot = NewIndexRoot;
+    *Length = NewIndexRoot->Header.AllocatedSize + FIELD_OFFSET(INDEX_ROOT_ATTRIBUTE, Header);
+
+    return STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+VOID
+DestroyBTreeKey(PB_TREE_KEY Key)
+{
+    if (Key->IndexEntry)
+        ExFreePoolWithTag(Key->IndexEntry, TAG_NTFS);
+
+    // We'll destroy Key->LesserChild here after we start using it
+
+    ExFreePoolWithTag(Key, TAG_NTFS);
+}
+
+VOID
+DestroyBTreeNode(PB_TREE_FILENAME_NODE Node)
+{
+    PB_TREE_KEY NextKey;
+    PB_TREE_KEY CurrentKey = Node->FirstKey;
+    for (int i = 0; i < Node->KeyCount; i++)
+    {
+        NT_ASSERT(CurrentKey);
+        NextKey = CurrentKey->NextKey;
+        DestroyBTreeKey(CurrentKey);
+        CurrentKey = NextKey;
+    }
+
+    NT_ASSERT(NextKey == NULL);
+
+    ExFreePoolWithTag(Node, TAG_NTFS);
+}
+
+/**
+* @name DestroyBTree
+* @implemented
+*
+* Destroys a B-Tree.
+*
+* @param Tree
+* Pointer to the B_TREE which will be destroyed.
+*
+* @remarks
+* Destroys every bit of data stored in the tree.
+*/
+VOID
+DestroyBTree(PB_TREE Tree)
+{
+    DestroyBTreeNode(Tree->RootNode);
+    ExFreePoolWithTag(Tree, TAG_NTFS);
+}
+
+VOID
+DumpBTreeKey(PB_TREE_KEY Key, int Number, int Depth)
+{
+    for (int i = 0; i < Depth; i++)
+        DbgPrint(" ");
+    DbgPrint(" Key #%d", Number);
+
+    if (!(Key->IndexEntry->Flags & NTFS_INDEX_ENTRY_END))
+    {
+        UNICODE_STRING FileName;
+        FileName.Length = Key->IndexEntry->FileName.NameLength * 2;
+        FileName.MaximumLength = FileName.Length;
+        FileName.Buffer = Key->IndexEntry->FileName.Name;
+        DbgPrint(" '%wZ'\n", &FileName);
+    }
+    else
+        DbgPrint(" (Dummy Key)\n");
+}
+
+DumpBTreeNode(PB_TREE_FILENAME_NODE Node, int Number, int Depth)
+{
+    for (int i = 0; i < Depth; i++)
+        DbgPrint(" ");
+    DbgPrint("Node #%d, Depth %d\n", Number, Depth);
+
+    PB_TREE_KEY CurrentKey = Node->FirstKey;
+    for (int i = 0; i < Node->KeyCount; i++)
+    {
+        DumpBTreeKey(CurrentKey, i, Depth);
+        CurrentKey = CurrentKey->NextKey;
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+* @name DumpBTree
+* @implemented
+*
+* Displays a B-Tree.
+*
+* @param Tree
+* Pointer to the B_TREE which will be displayed.
+*
+* @remarks
+* Displays a diagnostic summary of a B_TREE.
+*/
+VOID
+DumpBTree(PB_TREE Tree)
+{
+    DbgPrint("B_TREE @ %p\n", Tree);
+    DumpBTreeNode(Tree->RootNode, 0, 0);
+}
+
+/**
+* @name NtfsInsertKey
+* @implemented
+*
+* Inserts a FILENAME_ATTRIBUTE into a B-Tree node.
+*
+* @param FileReference
+* Reference number to the file being added. This will be a combination of the MFT index and update sequence number.
+*
+* @param FileNameAttribute
+* Pointer to a FILENAME_ATTRIBUTE which is the data for the key that will be added to the tree. A copy will be made.
+*
+* @param Node
+* Pointer to a B_TREE_FILENAME_NODE into which a new key will be inserted, in order.
+*
+* @param CaseSensitive
+* Boolean indicating if the function should operate in case-sensitive mode. This will be TRUE
+* if an application created the file with the FILE_FLAG_POSIX_SEMANTICS flag.
+*
+* @remarks
+* A node is always sorted, with the least comparable filename stored first and a dummy key to mark the end.
+*/
+NTSTATUS
+NtfsInsertKey(ULONGLONG FileReference,
+              PFILENAME_ATTRIBUTE FileNameAttribute,
+              PB_TREE_FILENAME_NODE Node,
+              BOOLEAN CaseSensitive)
+{
+    // Calculate size of Attribute and Index Entry
+    ULONG AttributeSize = GetFileNameAttributeLength(FileNameAttribute);
+    ULONG EntrySize = ALIGN_UP_BY(AttributeSize + FIELD_OFFSET(INDEX_ENTRY_ATTRIBUTE, FileName), 8);
+    PINDEX_ENTRY_ATTRIBUTE NewEntry;
+
+    DPRINT1("NtfsInsertKey(0x%02I64, %p, %p, %s)\n",
+            FileReference,
+            FileNameAttribute,
+            Node,
+            CaseSensitive ? "TRUE" : "FALSE");
+
+    // Create a new Index Entry for the file
+    NewEntry = ExAllocatePoolWithTag(NonPagedPool, EntrySize, TAG_NTFS);
+    if (!NewEntry)
+    {
+        DPRINT1("ERROR: Failed to allocate memory for Index Entry!\n");
+        return STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES;
+    }
+
+    // Setup the Index Entry
+    RtlZeroMemory(NewEntry, EntrySize);
+    NewEntry->Data.Directory.IndexedFile = FileReference;
+    NewEntry->Length = EntrySize;
+    NewEntry->KeyLength = AttributeSize;
+
+    // Copy the FileNameAttribute
+    RtlCopyMemory(&NewEntry->FileName, FileNameAttribute, AttributeSize);
+
+    // Setup the New Key
+    PB_TREE_KEY NewKey = ExAllocatePoolWithTag(NonPagedPool, sizeof(B_TREE_KEY), TAG_NTFS);
+    NewKey->IndexEntry = NewEntry;
+    NewKey->NextKey = NULL;
+
+    // Find where to insert the key
+    PB_TREE_KEY CurrentKey = Node->FirstKey;
+    PB_TREE_KEY PreviousKey = NULL;
+    for (int i = 0; i < Node->KeyCount; i++)
+    {
+        // Should the New Key go before the current key?
+        LONG Comparison = CompareTreeKeys(NewKey, CurrentKey, CaseSensitive);
+        if (Comparison == 0)
+        {
+            DPRINT1("DRIVER ERROR: Asked to insert key into tree that already has it!\n");
+            ExFreePoolWithTag(NewKey, TAG_NTFS);
+            ExFreePoolWithTag(NewEntry, TAG_NTFS);
+            return STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+        }
+        if (Comparison < 0)
+        {
+            // NewKey is < CurrentKey
+            // Insert New Key before Current Key
+            NewKey->NextKey = CurrentKey;
+
+            // was CurrentKey the first key?
+            if (CurrentKey == Node->FirstKey)
+                Node->FirstKey = NewKey;
+            else
+                PreviousKey->NextKey = NewKey;
+            break;
+        }
+
+        PreviousKey = CurrentKey;
+        CurrentKey = CurrentKey->NextKey;
+    }
+
+    Node->KeyCount++;
+
+    // NewEntry and NewKey will be destroyed later by DestroyBTree()
+
+    return STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}

drivers/filesystems/ntfs/create.c

@@ -747,7 +747,8 @@ NtfsCreateFileRecord(PDEVICE_EXTENSION DeviceExt,
         Status = NtfsAddFilenameToDirectory(DeviceExt,
                                             ParentMftIndex,
                                             FileMftIndex,
-                                            FilenameAttribute);
+                                            FilenameAttribute,
+                                            CaseSensitive);
     }
 
     ExFreePoolWithTag(FileRecord, TAG_NTFS);

drivers/filesystems/ntfs/dirctl.c

@@ -53,13 +53,17 @@
 * @param FilenameAttribute
 * Pointer to the FILENAME_ATTRIBUTE of the file being added to the directory.
 *
+* @param CaseSensitive
+* Boolean indicating if the function should operate in case-sensitive mode. This will be TRUE
+* if an application created the file with the FILE_FLAG_POSIX_SEMANTICS flag.
+*
 * @return
 * STATUS_SUCCESS on success.
 * STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES if an allocation fails.
 * STATUS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED if target address isn't at the end of the given file record.
 *
 * @remarks
-* WIP - Can only support an empty directory.
+* WIP - Can only support a few files in a directory.
 * One FILENAME_ATTRIBUTE is added to the directory's index for each link to that file. So, each
 * file which contains one FILENAME_ATTRIBUTE for a long name and another for the 8.3 name, will
 * get both attributes added to its parent directory.
@@ -68,7 +72,8 @@ NTSTATUS
 NtfsAddFilenameToDirectory(PDEVICE_EXTENSION DeviceExt,
                            ULONGLONG DirectoryMftIndex,
                            ULONGLONG FileReferenceNumber,
-                           PFILENAME_ATTRIBUTE FilenameAttribute)
+                           PFILENAME_ATTRIBUTE FilenameAttribute,
+                           BOOLEAN CaseSensitive)
 {
     NTSTATUS Status = STATUS_SUCCESS;
     PFILE_RECORD_HEADER ParentFileRecord;
@@ -76,12 +81,14 @@ NtfsAddFilenameToDirectory(PDEVICE_EXTENSION DeviceExt,
     PINDEX_ROOT_ATTRIBUTE I30IndexRoot;
     ULONG IndexRootOffset;
     ULONGLONG I30IndexRootLength;
-    PINDEX_ENTRY_ATTRIBUTE IndexNodeEntry;
     ULONG LengthWritten;
     PNTFS_ATTR_RECORD DestinationAttribute;
     PINDEX_ROOT_ATTRIBUTE NewIndexRoot;
     ULONG AttributeLength;
     PNTFS_ATTR_RECORD NextAttribute;
+    PB_TREE NewTree;
+    ULONG BtreeIndexLength;
+    ULONG MaxIndexSize;
 
     // Allocate memory for the parent directory
     ParentFileRecord = ExAllocatePoolWithTag(NonPagedPool,
@@ -122,9 +129,15 @@ NtfsAddFilenameToDirectory(PDEVICE_EXTENSION DeviceExt,
         return Status;
     }
 
-    I30IndexRootLength = AttributeDataLength(&IndexRootContext->Record);
+    // Find the maximum index size given what the file record can hold
+    MaxIndexSize = DeviceExt->NtfsInfo.BytesPerFileRecord
+                   - IndexRootOffset
+                   - IndexRootContext->Record.Resident.ValueOffset
+                   - FIELD_OFFSET(INDEX_ROOT_ATTRIBUTE, Header)
+                   - (sizeof(ULONG) * 2);
 
     // Allocate memory for the index root data
+    I30IndexRootLength = AttributeDataLength(&IndexRootContext->Record);
     I30IndexRoot = (PINDEX_ROOT_ATTRIBUTE)ExAllocatePoolWithTag(NonPagedPool, I30IndexRootLength, TAG_NTFS);
     if (!I30IndexRoot)
     {
@@ -144,82 +157,59 @@ NtfsAddFilenameToDirectory(PDEVICE_EXTENSION DeviceExt,
         return Status;
     }
 
-    // Make sure it's empty (temporarily)
+    // Convert the index to a B*Tree
-    IndexNodeEntry = (PINDEX_ENTRY_ATTRIBUTE)((ULONG_PTR)I30IndexRoot + I30IndexRoot->Header.FirstEntryOffset + 0x10);
+    Status = CreateBTreeFromIndex(IndexRootContext, I30IndexRoot, &NewTree);
-    if (IndexNodeEntry->Data.Directory.IndexedFile != 0 || IndexNodeEntry->Flags != 2)
+    if (!NT_SUCCESS(Status))
     {
-        DPRINT1("FIXME: File-creation is only supported in empty directories right now! Be patient! :)\n");
+        DPRINT1("ERROR: Failed to create B-Tree from Index!\n");
         ReleaseAttributeContext(IndexRootContext);
         ExFreePoolWithTag(I30IndexRoot, TAG_NTFS);
         ExFreePoolWithTag(ParentFileRecord, TAG_NTFS);
-        return STATUS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+        return Status;
     }
 
-    // Now we need to setup a new index root attribute to replace the old one
+    DumpBTree(NewTree);
-    NewIndexRoot = ExAllocatePoolWithTag(NonPagedPool, DeviceExt->NtfsInfo.BytesPerIndexRecord, TAG_NTFS);
+
-    if (!NewIndexRoot)
+    // Insert the key for the file we're adding
+    Status = NtfsInsertKey(FileReferenceNumber, FilenameAttribute, NewTree->RootNode, CaseSensitive);
+    if (!NT_SUCCESS(Status))
     {
-        DPRINT1("ERROR: Unable to allocate memory for new index root attribute!\n");
+        DPRINT1("ERROR: Failed to insert key into B-Tree!\n");
+        DestroyBTree(NewTree);
         ReleaseAttributeContext(IndexRootContext);
         ExFreePoolWithTag(I30IndexRoot, TAG_NTFS);
         ExFreePoolWithTag(ParentFileRecord, TAG_NTFS);
-        return STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES;
+        return Status;
     }
 
-    // Setup the new index record
+    DumpBTree(NewTree);
-    RtlZeroMemory(NewIndexRoot, DeviceExt->NtfsInfo.BytesPerIndexRecord);   // shouldn't be necessary but aids in debugging
     
-    NewIndexRoot->AttributeType = AttributeFileName;
+    // Convert B*Tree back to Index Root
-    NewIndexRoot->CollationRule = COLLATION_FILE_NAME;
+    Status = CreateIndexRootFromBTree(DeviceExt, NewTree, MaxIndexSize, &NewIndexRoot, &BtreeIndexLength);
-    NewIndexRoot->SizeOfEntry = DeviceExt->NtfsInfo.BytesPerIndexRecord;
+    if (!NT_SUCCESS(Status))
-    // If Bytes per index record is less than cluster size, clusters per index record becomes sectors per index
+    {
-    if(NewIndexRoot->SizeOfEntry < DeviceExt->NtfsInfo.BytesPerCluster)
+        DPRINT1("ERROR: Failed to create Index root from B-Tree!\n");
-        NewIndexRoot->ClustersPerIndexRecord = NewIndexRoot->SizeOfEntry / DeviceExt->NtfsInfo.BytesPerSector;
+        DestroyBTree(NewTree);
-    else    
+        ReleaseAttributeContext(IndexRootContext);
-        NewIndexRoot->ClustersPerIndexRecord = NewIndexRoot->SizeOfEntry / DeviceExt->NtfsInfo.BytesPerCluster;
+        ExFreePoolWithTag(I30IndexRoot, TAG_NTFS);
+        ExFreePoolWithTag(ParentFileRecord, TAG_NTFS);
+        return Status;
+    }
 
-    // Setup the Index node header
+    // We're done with the B-Tree now
-    NewIndexRoot->Header.FirstEntryOffset = 0x10;
+    DestroyBTree(NewTree);
-    NewIndexRoot->Header.Flags = INDEX_ROOT_SMALL;
-    // still need to calculate sizes
-
-    // The first index node entry will be for the filename we're adding
-    IndexNodeEntry = (PINDEX_ENTRY_ATTRIBUTE)((ULONG_PTR)NewIndexRoot + NewIndexRoot->Header.FirstEntryOffset + 0x10);
-    IndexNodeEntry->Data.Directory.IndexedFile = FileReferenceNumber;
-    IndexNodeEntry->Flags = INDEX_ROOT_SMALL;
-    IndexNodeEntry->KeyLength = FIELD_OFFSET(FILENAME_ATTRIBUTE, Name) + (2 * FilenameAttribute->NameLength);
-    IndexNodeEntry->Length = ALIGN_UP_BY(IndexNodeEntry->KeyLength, 8) + FIELD_OFFSET(INDEX_ENTRY_ATTRIBUTE, FileName);
-
-    // Now we can calculate the Node length (temp logic)
-    NewIndexRoot->Header.TotalSizeOfEntries = NewIndexRoot->Header.FirstEntryOffset + IndexNodeEntry->Length + 0x10;
-    NewIndexRoot->Header.AllocatedSize = NewIndexRoot->Header.TotalSizeOfEntries;
-
-    DPRINT1("New Index Node Entry Stream Length: %u\nNew Inde Node Entry Length: %u\n",
-            IndexNodeEntry->KeyLength,
-            IndexNodeEntry->Length);
-
-    // copy over the attribute proper
-    RtlCopyMemory(&IndexNodeEntry->FileName, FilenameAttribute, IndexNodeEntry->KeyLength);
-
-    // Now setup the dummy key
-    IndexNodeEntry = (PINDEX_ENTRY_ATTRIBUTE)((ULONG_PTR)IndexNodeEntry + IndexNodeEntry->Length);
-
-    IndexNodeEntry->Data.Directory.IndexedFile = 0;
-    IndexNodeEntry->Length = 0x10;
-    IndexNodeEntry->KeyLength = 0;
-    IndexNodeEntry->Flags = NTFS_INDEX_ENTRY_END;
-
-    // This is when we'd normally setup the length (already done above)
 
     // Write back the new index root attribute to the parent directory file record
 
-    // First, we need to make sure the attribute is large enough.
+    // First, we need to resize the attribute.
+    // CreateIndexRootFromBTree() should have verified that the index root fits within MaxIndexSize.
     // We can't set the size as we normally would, because if we extend past the file record, 
     // we must create an index allocation and index bitmap (TODO). Also TODO: support file records with
     // $ATTRIBUTE_LIST's.
     AttributeLength = NewIndexRoot->Header.AllocatedSize + FIELD_OFFSET(INDEX_ROOT_ATTRIBUTE, Header);
     DestinationAttribute = (PNTFS_ATTR_RECORD)((ULONG_PTR)ParentFileRecord + IndexRootOffset);
 
+    // Find the attribute (or attribute-end marker) after the index root
     NextAttribute = (PNTFS_ATTR_RECORD)((ULONG_PTR)DestinationAttribute + DestinationAttribute->Length);
     if (NextAttribute->Type != AttributeEnd)
     {
@@ -237,17 +227,20 @@ NtfsAddFilenameToDirectory(PDEVICE_EXTENSION DeviceExt,
                                        IndexRootOffset,
                                        AttributeLength);
 
+    NT_ASSERT(ParentFileRecord->BytesInUse <= DeviceExt->NtfsInfo.BytesPerFileRecord);
+
     Status = UpdateFileRecord(DeviceExt, DirectoryMftIndex, ParentFileRecord);
     if (!NT_SUCCESS(Status))
     {
         DPRINT1("ERROR: Failed to update file record of directory with index: %llx\n", DirectoryMftIndex);
         ExFreePoolWithTag(ParentFileRecord, TAG_NTFS);
         ExFreePoolWithTag(NewIndexRoot, TAG_NTFS);
+        ReleaseAttributeContext(IndexRootContext);
         ExFreePoolWithTag(I30IndexRoot, TAG_NTFS);
         return Status;
     }
 
-    // Update the parent directory with the new index root
+    // Write the new index root to disk
     Status = WriteAttribute(DeviceExt,
                             IndexRootContext,
                             0,

drivers/filesystems/ntfs/ntfs.h

@@ -395,6 +395,28 @@ typedef struct
     FILENAME_ATTRIBUTE    FileName;
 } INDEX_ENTRY_ATTRIBUTE, *PINDEX_ENTRY_ATTRIBUTE;
 
+// Keys are arranged in nodes as an ordered, linked list
+typedef struct _B_TREE_KEY
+{
+    struct _B_TREE_KEY *NextKey;
+    // PB_TREE_FILENAME_NODE LesserChild; // we aren't worried about multi-level trees yet
+    PINDEX_ENTRY_ATTRIBUTE IndexEntry;   // must be last member for FIELD_OFFSET
+}B_TREE_KEY, *PB_TREE_KEY;
+
+// Every Node is just an ordered list of keys.
+// Sub-nodes can be found attached to a key (if they exist).
+// A key's sub-node precedes that key in the ordered list.
+typedef struct
+{
+    int KeyCount;
+    PB_TREE_KEY FirstKey;
+} B_TREE_FILENAME_NODE, *PB_TREE_FILENAME_NODE;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+    PB_TREE_FILENAME_NODE RootNode;
+} B_TREE, *PB_TREE;
+
 typedef struct
 {
     ULONGLONG Unknown1;
@@ -559,6 +581,8 @@ DecodeRun(PUCHAR DataRun,
           LONGLONG *DataRunOffset,
           ULONGLONG *DataRunLength);
 
+ULONG GetFileNameAttributeLength(PFILENAME_ATTRIBUTE FileNameAttribute);
+
 VOID
 NtfsDumpDataRuns(PVOID StartOfRun,
                  ULONGLONG CurrentLCN);
@@ -645,6 +669,38 @@ NtfsDeviceIoControl(IN PDEVICE_OBJECT DeviceObject,
                     IN BOOLEAN Override);
 
 
+/* btree.c */
+
+LONG
+CompareTreeKeys(PB_TREE_KEY Key1,
+                PB_TREE_KEY Key2,
+                BOOLEAN CaseSensitive);
+
+NTSTATUS
+CreateBTreeFromIndex(/*PDEVICE_EXTENSION Vcb,*/
+                     PNTFS_ATTR_CONTEXT IndexRootContext,
+                     PINDEX_ROOT_ATTRIBUTE IndexRoot,
+                     PB_TREE *NewTree);
+
+NTSTATUS
+CreateIndexRootFromBTree(PDEVICE_EXTENSION DeviceExt,
+                         PB_TREE Tree,
+                         ULONG MaxIndexSize,
+                         PINDEX_ROOT_ATTRIBUTE *IndexRoot,
+                         ULONG *Length);
+
+VOID
+DestroyBTree(PB_TREE Tree);
+
+VOID
+DumpBTree(PB_TREE Tree);
+
+NTSTATUS
+NtfsInsertKey(ULONGLONG FileReference,
+              PFILENAME_ATTRIBUTE FileNameAttribute,
+              PB_TREE_FILENAME_NODE Node,
+              BOOLEAN CaseSensitive);
+
 /* close.c */
 
 NTSTATUS
@@ -683,8 +739,9 @@ NtfsDeviceControl(PNTFS_IRP_CONTEXT IrpContext);
 NTSTATUS
 NtfsAddFilenameToDirectory(PDEVICE_EXTENSION DeviceExt,
                            ULONGLONG DirectoryMftIndex,
-                           ULONGLONG FileMftIndex,
+                           ULONGLONG FileReferenceNumber,
-                           PFILENAME_ATTRIBUTE FilenameAttribute);
+                           PFILENAME_ATTRIBUTE FilenameAttribute,
+                           BOOLEAN CaseSensitive);
 
 ULONGLONG
 NtfsGetFileSize(PDEVICE_EXTENSION DeviceExt,